Wheat spindle streak mosaic(WSSMV),transmitted by the soil-borne fungi(Polymyxa graminis),is a serious disease in wheat-growing regions,such as in the reaches of Yangtze River,Yellow River and the Huaihe River in China.This paper highlighted some of the significant progresses made on screening of resistant germplasm resources,mechanism of resistance,inheritance of resistance,molecular marker of resistant genes and development of resistant varieties in China.The results showed as follow: abundant resistant germplasm resources existed in landrace and commercial wheat varieties.There was close relationship between resistance to WSSMV and activity of some enzymes as well as content of soluble sugar in plant.The resistance to WSSMV seemed to be controlled by one to three pairs of dominant genes.New reisistant variety with excellent agronomic traits could be developed by cross between resistant and susceptible varieties.Suggestions were made on development of the wheat varieties with resistance to WSSMV in the future in the paper.