Based on agronomic traits and fiber quality,identification and variance analysis of sixty-one colored cotton lines were conducted.The results showed that there were extremely significant differece in lint percentage,2.5% span length and micronaire value,and significant differece in uniformity,elongation,fiber strength and boll number per plant,but the boll weight,plant height and number of branch per plant had no significant difference among differrent colored cotton lines.Except Zong 125 and Zongxu 1,dveloped by Cotton Research Institute of China,the fiber quality of most lines were poor and can not meet the needs of textile using.However,31 colored cotton lines including Zong 2-63(IAA),Zong 3-944 etc.had good quality for certain fiber traits.The tested cotton lines were divided into seven field-based groups(FGs) by clustering analysis with the unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic averages(UPGMA).There was great diversity of phenotypic characteristics among colored lines,especially some basic genetic colored cotton lines were clustered into single group,and had more far genetic distances with other lines.In a summary,the colored cotton lines had poor agronomic traits and fiber quality with abundant genetic diversity.