The genetic diversity of 76 waxy barley landraces from different region of China was assessed by SSR markers，and cluster analysis was done based on genetic similarity coefficient.A total of 203 alleles were detected from the 76 waxy barley landraces by using 50 SSR primer pairs，which showed that they were in the highest polymorphism range.When genetic similarity value was 0.70,76 waxy barley landraces were clustered into five groups，which reflected geographical distribution property of the materials and their relationship with hulled and naked relation among all accessions to some extent.The average Shannon′s information index (I)showed that genetic diversity of waxy barley landraces from Yunnan and Tibet were a little higher.The research work also showed that there was rich genetic diversity among the waxy barley landraces in China，which would be of great importance for studying the origin and distributing of the waxy barleys in China and for efficiently using of these germplasm resources.