The review focused on the use of molecular biology of DNA molecular markers in the existing wild and cultivated hops of Genetic Diversity progress. Materials were summarized through reading all relative literatures published since 1990s. The results of DNA molecular markers technology are accurate and stable compared to morphological markers and cytological markers. This method is simple, rapid and requirement of sample is low. Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Inter-simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) are commonly used molecular markers. We found genetic diversity is often higher in hops from North America than which from Europe. The same results were also found in the degree of genetic variation. Meanwhile, the wild hops' gene order has the rich gene diversity, may take an idioplasm in the molecular heredity hybridization breeding to improve the cultivated varieties’ some certain bad characters. However, molecular markers also have disadvantages that employees are required special skills and the cost is high. The widely used molecular markers in plant genetic diversity research solved a number of difficult issues that traditional method cannot deal with. The use of molecular markers in the study of genetic diversity of hops will be an excellent tool to provide theoretical guidance and technological support for the breeding of hops.