In order to reveal the genetic diversity of poppy in different ecological zones. Based on the molecular markers of 100 inter-simple sequence repeat ( ISSR), poppy and relatives from 12 different areas were amplified and analyzed with optimizing conditions for the primers. The results showed that a total of 109 allelic variations were detected, between 7-16 loci for each primer. Among them, primer 807 had the most alleles of 16. The value of allelic polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.77-0.91, which the Maximum is 807 (0.92) and the minimum is 847 (0.77). The results showed that the genetic similarity among them ranged from -0.45 to 0.98, and these 12 germplasms were classified into 2 groups. The poppy germplasms sources was less correlated with geographic latitude . There was no evident geographic patterns of the poppy germplasm sources happened. The research will provide basis theoretical for scientific and effective utilization poppy germplasms.