Two hybrid combinations and 4 generations (P1、P2、F1、F2) were made with one xishuangbanna cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. xishuangbannanesis Qi et Yuan) and two common cucumber（Cucumis sativus L. var. sativus）inbred lines. Four indexes including color grade classification, a value and b value determined by color different meter, β-carotene content measured by HPLC were determined respectively to study the inheritance of cucumber flesh color traits with joint analysis method of multiple generations. The results showed that the F2 population of the two combinations appeared one asymmetry peak or two peaks distribution, indicating that the trait was quantitative in nature and controlled by major gene plus polygene. The heritance of fruit flesh color of cucumber fitted the pattern of two major genes plus polygene. For F2 generation, the major gene heritability was high（76.0%-99.3%）and that of polygenes（0-23.7%）was low，which suggested that artificial selection to orange flesh of cucumber could be carried out in the separation of the early generations.