Genetic diversity of 30 melon varieties that were from Middle-east area Province or introducd from Taiwan area and Japan, was analyzed by 72 SSR primers distributed on 12 melon chromosomes. The results showed that 56 SSR primers of total performed polymorphism and 138 alleles loci were detected with a range from 2 to 6 and 2.6 as average number of alleles per SSR. The effective alleles were 86.16 with average 2.25. Each value of allelic polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.045 to 0.725 based on an average of 0.390 per SSR marker. The genetic similarity of paired varieties varied from 0.274 to 0.974, with 0.665 as average figure, and genetic similarity of 90.4% tested materials between 0.474 and 0.824. According to the methodology of UPGMA, 30 melon varieties could be clustered into three groups based of the generic similarity coefficient as the original data. Combined with pedigree analysis results showed that the genetic diversity of melon varieties in Middle-east area was not enough at present and it had closer genetic relationship among most varieties. It is important to enlarge the genetic resources and explore the genetic backiground in order for provide high quality melon variety in current melon breeding.