The resistance to pear scab of 197 pear cultivars in National Germplasm Resources Garden was evaluated by artificial inoculation of Venturia inaequalis. The results showed that the morbidity of different pear varieties varied widely. Chinese white pear cultivars（P. bretschneideri Rehd.）and sand pear cultivars〔P. pyrifolia （Burm.f.）Nakai〕were the most susceptible to scab, Ussurian cultivars（P. ussuriensis Maxim.）and Pyrus hybrid cultivars were the second most susceptible to scab, Xinjiang pear cultivars（P. sinkiangensis Yü）were resistant to scab, common pear cultivars（ P. communis L.）were the most resistant to scab. The disease index in pear variety distribution was analyzed. Huangjitui, Shuaili, Suanli, Jinxiang, and a number of resistant resources were screened and the disease susceptibility results between natural occurrence and artificial inoculation was compared.