Abstract: Thirteen agronomic characters and 12 quality characters of 102 rice landraces from Shandong Province were investigated and analyzed using the method of diversity index (H′) to provide useful information for genetic improvement of rice (Oryz sativa L.). The results indicated that the diversity index of agronomic characters varied from 1.42 to 2.05. There were higher diversity indexes in plant height, panicle neck length, and spikeletes per panicle. Diversity index were 2.01, 2.02, and 2.05, respectively. The ranges of diversity indexes of the quality characters were 0.99 to 2.04. Diversity indexes of protein content, gel consistency, peak viscosity, and hot paste viscosity and breakdown were 2.00, 2.04, 2.04, 2.01, and 2.04, respectively. These results showed that there was an abundant genetic diversity among agronomic characters and quality characters in Shandong rice landraces. These results provides useful information to rice breeding.