Wheat is one of the main crops in Hebei production, and possesses a prominent position in wheat production of China, but it is shortage of water resource in this area. So it is of great significance for high yield and drought resistance breeding of winter wheat and variety utilization to select appropriate phenotypic traits and analyze their yields and drought resistance. In this study, 85 winter wheat varieties authorized in Hebei Province were planted under the conditions of spring drought through rainproof shelter, and irrigation twice at jointing and booting stages. 27 phenotypic traits, such as plant height, were observed at anthesis and maturity. And the correlation between phenotypic characters and grain yield per plant were analyzed. The results showed that, the correlation was significant or very significant between 12 traits including spike number per plant, and drought resistance coefficient (DRC) or drought resistance index (DRI) of grain yield per plant under drought condition. Based on the coefficient of variation of phenotypic traits, it was recommended that, such traits as spike number per plant, grains per spike, and the longer flag leaf under irrigation or shorter under drought be the main breeding targets of wheat for high yield and drought resistance in Hebei Province. 4 traits, including grain specific gravity, grain length and Setting percentage under drought, Spikelets per spike under drought could be used to identify the drought resistance of wheat germplasm resources in Hebei Province. The wheat varieties of Hebei Province possessed high yield ability, but the drought resistance need to be improved.