Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) are two highly related pathogens of rice that cause bacterial leaf blight (BB) and bacterial leaf streak (BLS), respectively, which constrain rice production in much of Asia and parts of Africa. Developing resistant cultivars has been the most effective approach to control BB and BLS. In this study, we reviewed the advances on identification of the main effect resistance genes and quantitative resistance locus of the two diseases, which will provide some useful information for further resistance breeding of this two related bacterial diseases.