Camellia sasanqua is a protential shrub which flowering in winter. This paper reviews the history and status of germplasm collection，conservation, evaluation and enhancement of Camellia sasanqua L. in the world. Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center (SAGC ) has worked on germplasm resources since 2002. About 80 varieties were collected and planted in the field nursery. Propagation and evaluation were carried out. A total of 3 varieties were screen out adapt to Shanghai area. Some good germplasm had been used in breeding programs and 1 new variety was registered.