662 accessions of rice germplasm, including 120 wild rice and 542 cultivars, were collected from Southeast Asia mainly through field surveys and collection. Information database of all germplasm resources was constructed after quarantine, propagation and phenotype identification. Based on evaluation for 300 accessions of cultivated rice, some germplasm resources were found to have good characteristics including 58 accessions resistant to brown planthopper, 9 accessions resistant to rice blast, 11 accessions resistant to bacterial blight and 12 accessions with salt-tolerance. The results indicated that the germplasm resources of rice in Southeast Asia are abundant of superior characteristics which are important for widening rice genetic background, enriching rice gene pool and improving rice varieties in China.