Wheat germplasm is a key factor in sustainable wheat breeding. In this study, the iron and zinc contents in flour of 426 Shandong wheat landraces were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results show that the iron and zinc distribution ranges of Shandong wheat landraces are 5.2～44.1 and 6.2～50.4 mg/kg, respectively, and that the landraces with the highest iron content 44.1 mg/kg and 41.8 mg/kg respectively are “Tuerqi” and “Luomai”, and the landrace with the highest zinc content 50.4 mg/kg is “Daqingmang”. Using the selected wheat landraces with both high iron and zinc contents and good grain and food quality as cross parents, it may be of very important significance to breed new wheat varieties with high nutrient, and to investigate the genetic mechanism of iron and zinc accumulation in the grain.