The latest progress in collection, conservation, propagation, renewal, identification, evaluation, distribution and utilization of bast fiber crops germplasm in China has been summarized in this paper. In the past ten years, 697 accessions of bast fiber crops germplasm were collected from the domestic or introduced from abroad. The number of collected bast fiber crops germplasm has been reached to 9764 accessions, which ranked the first in the world. 5343 accessions of genetic resources were multiplied and regenerated, which insured safety preservation and supply of seeds. 296 accessions of superior germplasm were identified and selected through identification and evaluation of agronomic characters, economic characters for 6543 times. 4296 accessions of germplasm were distributed to 50 institutions in China, which greatly improved the utilization efficiency of germplasm. Based on the current status and existing problems of bast fiber crops germplasm, some specific objectives and tasks of bast fiber crops germplasm for the next stage were pointed out in this paper.