Wheat leaf rust, one of the most major diseases of wheat, greatly reduce wheat yield when wheat cultivars are infected. It is important to continuously screen and obtain new resistance sources for wheat breeding due to the resistance losses caused by mutant of leaf rust races. Wheat-alien species harbor resistance gene(s) which could be transferred to wheat for wheat breeding purpose. In this research, we screened and characterized new leaf rust resistance sources from wheat-alien species amphiploids, additions, substitutions and translocations for further using these germplasm. Leaf rust complex isolates (Lrcomp)(from Kansas State) and 09-9-1441-1 etc. five leaf rust isolates (from China), were inoculated to germplasm at seedling stage, and were scored for infection types. Total 31 from 116 germplasm are immune or highly resistant to Lrcomp. Part of germplasm included Aegilops searsii, Ae. caudate, Ae. speltoide, Ae. biuncialis, Ae. geniculata, Ae. sharonensis, Ae. peregrina, Ae. comosa, Ae. umbellulata, Ae. ventricosa, Thinopyrum intermedium, Th. intermedium ssp. trichophoru, Th. elongatum, Elymus trachycaulus, Secale cereale, S. africanum or Triticum timopheevi chromatin are immune or highly resistant to Lrcomp, while germplasm which contain Ae. bicornis, Ae. mutica, Agropyron scirpeum, Dasypyrum breviaristatum or D. villosum chromatin are susceptible to Lrcomp. Aegilops searsii 4Ss chromosome, Ae. caudate C#1 and D#1 chromosmes, and Ae. biuncialis, Ae. comosa may harbor new wheat leaf rust resistance gene which need further research. Wheat-E. trachycaulus Robertsonian translocation line 1HtS.1BL, nearly immune to Lrcomp and other five leaf rust isolates indicating that it is worth to make small chromosome translocation by chromosome engineering for wheat breeding purpose.