To better conserve and utilize wild rice in Hainan, a survey on wild rice resources was conducted in 18 counties in Hainan from 2002 to 2013.As a initial investigation，154 natural populations, which included 136 populations of Oryza rufipogon Griff., 7 populations of Oryza officinalis Wall. and 11 populations of Oryza meyeriana Baill. , were found in 15 counties in Hainan. During the survey, total 2900 accessions from 87 natural populations were collected and conserved ex-situ in the temporary field genebank for tropic wild rice established in the research base of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science. Meanwhile, 6 in-situ conservation areas of wild rice, which contained 4 Oryza rufipogon Griff., 1 Oryza officinalis Wall. and 1 Oryza meyeriana Baill., were set up in Wenchang, Qionghai, Danzhou, Wanning, Lingshui, Baoting respectively in accordance with the guidelines of procedure and methods of in-situ conservation of relatives of crops issued by the Ministry of Agriculture. Besides, this paper analyzed the endangering status and the root causes of wild rice in Hainan, and provided suggestions for the conservation strategies of wild rice in Hainan.