The course from bolting to blooming is the crucial period for plant to transform from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in Brassicaceae. As the results of interaction between environmental factors and endogenous gene networks, plant bolting and flowering characteristics，which are closely related to the formation of propagating and product organs, are mainly controlled by multiple genes. In order to provide comprehensive background information and possible new clues for further understanding and manipulating the molecular mechanism of bolting and flowering in Brassicaceae vegetables genetic improvement and the cultivation of high yield and good quality of these crops, we summarized the existing studies about the molecular markers and molecular mechanism of plant bolting and flowering traits in Brassicaceae vegetables，and discussed the problems in present studies and related development direction.