Peanut germplasm resources are the basic materials for peanut breeding and genetic research of important agronomic traits. Introduction of foreign peanut germplasms is of great significance for exploring elite materials, enriching genetic diversity, and utilizing germplasm resources of peanut for genetic improvement in China. A set of 104 accessions of the purified U.S. mini-core collection was evaluated for the agronomic traits and diseases resistance in 2014 and 2015 in the fields of Hebei Province of China. The results showed that most accessions of the U.S.mini-core collection were spreading type. Large variations of the evaluated traits were observed among tested accessions. The ranges were 24.50 cm to 89.50 cm for main stem height; 39.37 cm to 99.23 cm for lateral branch length; 8.75 to 46.33 for the number of pods per plant; 8.49 g to 29.54 g for yield per plant ; 80.76 g to 216.72 g for 100-pod weight; 18.25 to 58.00 for the number of kernel per plant; 9.89 g to 33.36 g for weight of kernel per plant ; 25.52 g to 74.18 g for 100-kernel weight; and 52.58 % to 76.08 % for shelling percentage, respectively. Some accessions of the U.S. mini core collection showed highly resistant to leaf spot and net leaf blotch diseases. The identified purified lines for disease resistance and evaluation data collected from this research will be valuable for breeding practices and genetic research of peanut in China.