Genetic diversity of 173 land races and breeding lines of broomcorn sorghum from different origins was analyzed based on agronomical traits. It is indicated that variation of agronomical traits was obvious among land races from different origins mainly on growth duration, plant height, panicle length, number of fibers and panicle exsertion. Breeding lines hybridized from land races had superior characteristic in many agronomical traits compared with that of different origins. Peculiar excellent traits of varieties from different origins could be used effectively in germplasm improvement. All the materials were clustered into 5 groups at the genetic distance of 0.64. Cluster analysis was failed to distinctly group land races according to origins because of their partly similar traits. Meanwhile, breeding lines were grouped comparatively concentrated. Multiple traits should be taken into account simultaneously in germplasm improvement because of their significant correlation. Agronomical traits should be selected as appropriate growth duration, lower plant height, longer panicle length, more fiber numbers, thicker peduncle diameter, high threshed panicle weight, high panicle weight and high 1000-grain weight, but panicle exsertion and peduncle should not be too long.