China is the origin center of genus Cerasus Mill. with the most abundant wild germplasm resources. In order to clarify its current distribution, conservation status and risks, we investigated the wild Cerasus germplasm resources from 31 survey administrative towns of six provinces in west area of China from 2010 to 2015. Wild Cerasus germplasm trees were found to be widely distributed in various topographies and landforms with diversified phenotype. Unfortunately, the majority of wild Cerasus resources were distributed sporadically except the trees in 13 surveyed sites, which are growing in nature reservation protection areas and places away from cities. The quantity of genetic resources is continuously decreasing, and in-situ habituation areas are under risk due to the human activities. The trees at ca. 84% of the surveyed sites are without artificial management, and the distribution scales are also decreasing. Furthermore, a total of 408 leaf samples were collected in drying in-silica gel and deposited in our laboratory. Moreover, some factors possibly associating with the endangered status of wild Cerasus resources were discussed, and solutions for the conservation and utilization of these resources were proposed.