Chlorophyll is the most important organism where plant photosynthesis takes place，and plays a curial role in plant growth and crop yield production. Albino plants showed complete loss of chlorophyll. In this study，the genetic，morphological and physiological characteristics of an albino silique mutant in Brassica napus were carried out. No chlorophyll was found on the reproductive tissues such as the buds，flowers，siliques and developing seeds，while vegetative tissues including leaves and stems kept green as wild type plants. This mutant that are heterozygous at albino locus exhibited lower fertility，while the mutant being homozygous were completely sterile. By genetic and phenotypic analysis of reciprocal F1 as well as was observed and F2 segregating population，the silique showing albino phenotype was controlled by one pair of nuclear gene in an incomplete dominant manner. Almost no chlorophyll and carotenoids，but a small amount of tocopherol were detected in homozygous albino mutant，and no intact chloroplast structure was found through Transmission Electron Microscope. The photosynthetic rate was also significantly lower than that of the wild type or close to zero. Gained from the knowledge in previous studies，the preliminary result suggested that the albino phonotype in this mutant was likely resulted from the mutations of the genes involved in the synthesis of carotenoids or the development of chloroplast. Thus，this work laid a foundation for future isolating the albino gene and further revealing the molecular mechanism of chloroplast development and silique photosynthesis.