In order to breed for elite Elymus sibiricus L. varieties suitable for the high yield and high quality in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we conducted a three-year field trials for investigating the seed production performance. Eleven E. sibiricus L. germplasm resources collected in different ecological regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as two the nationally-registered varieties Qingmu NO.1 and Tongde were applied. The results showed that: (1) There were significant difference on seed yield production among different genotypes in different years (P<0.05). Two genotypes I-1-5-13 and I-1-5-19 showed the best yield performance, with an average of 1494.93 kg/hm2 and 1386.82 kg/hm2, 81.49% and 68.36% higher than that of Qingmu NO.1, and 90.92% and 77.11% higher than that of Tongde. (2) The seed yield generally became declined constantly in a manner of continuous cropping. Attractively, both I-1-5-47 and I-1-5-50 showed high and stable yield production within 3 years. Based on the production performance, both genotypes showed a potential in future breeding for seed-type E. sibiricus L. (3) The yield traits, i.e. the seed number per inflorescence, seed length, number of spikelet, length of spike and seed weight per inflorescence were significantly positively correlated with seed yield (P<0.05). Especially, the seed number per inflorescence showing an correlation coefficient of 0.809, in relative to seed yield, can be used as a key indicator in predicting the seed yield. (4) The cluster analysis of seed yield and yield traits suggested three categories: group-I that represented the genotypes which were originated from areas with higher altitudes with an average altitude of 3967m, and showed a moderate yield performance; group-II that represented the genotypes which were originated from low-altitude areas with an average altitude of 3244m, and showed a high seed yield; group-III that represented the genotypes which showed a low seed yield and were originated from higher altitudes areas with an average altitude of 4392m.