Chromosome addition lines of wheat-wild species have excellent traits such as disease resistance and stress tolerance, which is an important bridge material for the introgression of elite characters to wheat. Many studies have reported the increasing of disease resistance or stress tolerance when the wild relatives derived segments are present in wheat. However, the effects on agronomic traits caused by introgressions of alien chromosomes remain to be rarely reported. In this study, several agronomic traits consisting of plant height, spike length, flag leaf length and width, effective tiller number, spikelet number, grain number per spike and thousand-kernel weight in a set of chromosome addition lines were investigated at four field trials experiments. In relative to wheat control lines, the presence of introduced chromosomes Aegilops searsii 4Ss#1, Elymus ciliaris 5Yc and 7Yc, Dasypyrum villosum 2V#3, Lophopyrum elongatum 3E, 5E and 6E resulted in significant increase on spike length. When E. ciliaris 5Yc chromosome is present, the wheat-wild addition lines showed markedly decrease on the size of flag leaf. The chromosomes of E. ciliaris 7Sc and 7Yc were found to be associated with the increase of thousand-kernel weight. Thus, these chromosome addition lines in conjunction with future chromosome engineering and (/or) physicochemical mutagenesis induced structural variants become of interest to localize the agronomically-important genes.