Under the frame of the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources, 104 sorghum germplasm resources were collected from 41 counties of Jiangsu from 2016 to 2017. Fifteen agronomic traits were investigated for the genetic diversity analysis of sorghum germplasm resources. The variation types of agronomic quantitative traits of sorghum resources are rich. The significant positive correlation was detected between grain weight and any of plant height, spike length, node number,100 grain weight, heading stage and aboveground fresh weight. The aboveground fresh weight was positively correlated with any of plant height, node number and heading stage, while negatively correlated with stalk length. The cluster analysis suggested seven groups of the sorghum germplasm accessions. Especially, the first group included sweet sorghum accessions, which are used for sugar and forage; the second group included the accessions with a long spike, which are the special materials for craft; the third group showing higher weight of single spike and 100 grains, represented the accessions with the end-use for grain and sugar; the accessions from the fourth group often showed short, few nodes and early maturing, and they are used for grain, forage and craft；the fifth group are wild accessions, which showed lower yield and are potentially are used for grain, forage and craft；the accessions in sixth group,which often showed moderate plant height, spike length, heading stage and aboveground fresh weight, are used for grain, sugar, craftand forage；the accessions in seventh group, often with short plant, high 100 grain weight, bare grain, and early growth period, are used for grain production. Out of that, nine germplasm resources with excellent and special characters were identified. In summary, the sorghum germplasm accessions from Jiangsu Province represented abundant genetic diversity, especially including several excellent germplasm resources with any of high yield, early maturity, ear type and grain weight can be used potentially for breeding and industrial production.