In recent years, the research on soyasaponins in Chinese wild soybean has achieved some preliminary progresses, showing that Chinese wild soybeans were rich in the components and genetic variation of saponin composition. These progresses were as followings: identified a new sixth category of group-? in addition to the reported five groups of soyasaponin; found four new components A-αg, K-αg, KA-αg and HAb-αg, of which the A-αg component was first recognized to be the total precursor of the groups A, α and ?; discovered a Sg-7 locus controlling arabinose bonding to the C-22 position of the aglycone; identified a number of A0 mutants and rare accessions with AuAe phenotype and high-content Bd component and found the individuals with separate group α components in Chinese wild soybeans. Soyasaponin phenotypes and genes could be used as genetic markers of chemical composition, by which we analyzed the genetic diversity and geographical differentiation in Chinese wild soybeans. Chinese southern wild soybeans had the highest frequencies of AaBc phenotype and Sg-4 gene in eastern Asia, which implied that the southern wild soybeans were a regional population possessing more primitive ancestral characteristics, and that eastern Asian wild soybeans originally came from southern China.