The freezing caused by low-temperature in spring seriously destabilizes the yield production and grain quality of the common wheat. However，such currently techniques show some limitations including laborious-and timeconsuming as well as less effective reduction of the cold damage. It is of great significance to establish a simple，scientific，rapid and systematic evaluation methods and indices system of wheat tolerance to late spring coldness for avoiding the impairment of the late spring coldness on wheat. In this paper，the methods， periods，indicators and evaluation criteria to identify wheat late spring coldness resistance were summarized， which of the molecular biological basis were parsed，and proposed that it is necessary to perform systematical evaluation of the late spring coldness resistance at jointing，booting and flowering stage，respectively，screening of allelic variation and analysis of underlying molecular mechanism for further utilization in wheat breeding program to develop wheat cultivars with high and stable yield in China.