In order to make full use of local peanut germplasm resources and expand the genetic breeding parent database of peanut, 134 local peanut germplasm resources in Jiangxi Province collected in the Third National Survey and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources were identified and evaluated by variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, in order to screen the special germplasm resources. The results showed that pod mass per plant had the highest coefficient of variation (49.13%), followed by total number of branches, main stem height, 100-pod mass, and 100-kernel mass, while growth duration, and kernel percentage had low coefficient of variation. Correlation analysis showed that pod mass per plant was significantly positively correlated with total number of branches and growth duration, so an appropriate increase of the total number of branches could improve the yield per plant. The nine main agronomic traits were classified into 3 principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 71.454%, which could comprehensively summarize the information of the nine main agronomic traits. Based on cluster analysis, 134 resources were divided into four groups, with the same botanical types separated into different groups. Group I was intermediary-fruit peanut resources with medium pod mass per plant, Group II was small-fruit peanut resources with low pod mass per plant, Group III was high-yield peanut resources, and Group IV was large-fruit peanut resources. Nine peanut germplasms with high pod mass per plant, three with small fruit, and five with large fruit were screened.