Rice is one of the most important grain crops in China. The safe production of rice paddy increasingly relies on basic research in molecular biological function. The large number of PPR （Pentatricopeptide repeat） proteins is one of the relatively large protein families in rice. Studies have shown that PPR proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and is involved in the RNA processing of organelle precursor，such as RNA translation initiation，RNA stability，RNA splicing，RNA editing，regulating chloroplast and mitochondria development in rice，and then influence the growth and development of pollen，embryo，endosperm，leaf and other tissues. Inhibition of the expression of PPR proteins would seriously hinder the normal growth and development of rice. A review of rice PPR protein structure，classification，localization，RNA target sites，action mode and its influence on rice growth and development reported in recent years is provided. The functions of PPR proteins that have been reported in rice are summarized，and prospects for possible research directions like the innovation application of PPR proteins on rice germplasm resources in the future are discussed.