Glutelin is the main component of rice storage proteins，and its content and composition directly affect the rice grain quality and nutrition. In rice endosperm，glutelin is synthesized in the form of 57 kDa precursor in endoplasmic reticulum，followed by the cleavage and deposition in the storage vacuoles through complex cytological transport pathways. Although 10 key genes required for glutelin synthesis，transport and deposition have been identified，their molecular regulatory network remains dissected in details. In this study，we identified a glutelin precursor accumulation mutant named T360 from the Nipponbare tissue-cultured mutagenesis population. Genetic analysis showed that the mutant phenotype of T360 was controlled by a single recessive nuclear-encoded gene. Through map-based cloning the candidate gene in this mutant was delimited to a 248.9 kb physical interval on chromosome 4. Gene annotation analysis showed that OsVPE1 coding β-vacuolar processing enzyme found in the genetic region is a candidate responsible for the maturation of glutelins. No mutation in OsVPE1 at the genome sequence was identified，whereas its expression was significantly down-regulated. Expressing the wild-type OsVPE1 genomic sequence in the mutant is able to complement the mutant phenotype， despite of no difference on DNA methylation revealed in wild type and T360. Altogether，this work provided an important mutant to decipher the molecular regulation mechanism of the VPE1 gene in rice.