The content of oleic acid and anthocyanin is an important target for quality breeding in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). In this study, a high-oleic acid peanut line with pink testa "G110" (G, ♀) was crossed with a landrace line with purple testa "Purple Pearl" (Z, ♂). Kernels of both parent lines on 30 days after flowering (30 DAF, G1/Z1) and 45 DAF (G2/Z2) were sampled for the transcriptomic analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enrichments in oxidation-reduction process (GO:0055114) and fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006633) were observed. The gene ahFAD2B (arahy.5913QL) was up-regulated in G110, while another gene ahFAD2A (arahy. 42CZAS) was not significant difference (p > 0.05). AlleleXa/b and AlleleYa/b genotyping results showed that “G110” was aabb and "Purple Pearl" was AABB. By taking use of kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers A004807 and 4004808, 66 high-oleic acid plants of genotype aabb in F2 populations were obtained, followed by self-pollination to F7. Of them three superior accessions namely 18-B-40, 18-B-49 and 18-B-54, with purple testa and high-oleic acid were identified, in which the oleic acid content was 79.52%, 78.84%, and 78.02%, 1.77 folds (p=3.61×10-9), 0.99 folds (p=1.21×10-9) and 0.99 folds (p=1.45×10-9) higher than that of "Purple Pearl", respectively. The oleic to linoleic ratio (O/L) was 14.69, 11.91, and 10.90, which increased by 11.58 folds (p=4.01×10-15), 9.37 folds (p=7.92×10-15) and 8.58 folds (p=4.51×10-15) compared with that of "Purple Pearl". The anthocyanin content was 30.87 OD/g, 29.16 OD/g, and 14.51OD/g, which increased by 23.91 folds (p=1.17×10-7), 22.77 folds (p=4.00×10-10) and 23.06 folds (p=1.63×10-10) compared with that of "G110". Collectively, this study obtained peanut germplasm accessions showing simultaneous enrichments of anthocyanin and high oleic, which might have implications for enriching high oleic peanut germplasms in China and future uncovering the mechanism of peanut oleic acid metabolism.