The Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas refers to the longitudinal valley of the Hengduan Mountains where the Nu River， Jinsha River and Lancang River flow in parallel in Yunnan province， and has rich plant resources. In order to find out the distribution of buckwheat germplasm resources in this area， the wild buckwheat expedition team of the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducted a 15-day wild buckwheat survey in the area from 2020 to 2022， collected a total of 60 materials from 8 species of the genus Fagopyrum Miller. The survey results show that the Jinsha River basin has the most species of wild buckwheat in the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas. Fagopyrum cymosum and F. gracilipes have the widest distribution range， and the distribution of other wild buckwheat had obvious regional characteristics. Four kinds of special wild buckwheat resources were found， which were F. gracilipes with strong regenerative ability， F. gracilipes with multi-flowered and multi-branched characteristics， F. gilesii with multi-flowered and multi-branched phenotype， F. cymosum with pink flowers. The survey results laid a solid foundation for the targeted conservation and utilization of buckwheat germplasm resources in this region， and provided certain reference value for the study of the origin and domestication of buckwheat.