Vicia sativa L. is one of the legume crops that can be used both as grain and vegetable， as well as green fertilizer and high quality forage， which has important economic value and significant ecological advantages. However， the seed traits and germination characteristics in Vicia sativa wild germplasm resources from southwest China remains investigated. In order to better protect and utilize these endangered wild germplasm resources， this study investigated wild populations of Vicia sativa from Guizhou， Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China. A total of 106 wild germplasm accessions showing levels of variations on morphology and abiotic stress response were collected from 20 counties （districts）. In addition， eight seed traits， such as 100-seed weight， seed length and seed width were measured. The coefficient of variation on 100-seed weight was the largest （92%）， and these germplasms with highest （9.18 g） and lowest （0.31 g） 100-seed weight were collected from Yunnan and Guizhou， respectively. Vicia sativa accessions from Yunnan exhibited significant differences at eight traits， if compared to those of the accessions from either Guizhou or Sichuan. Through analyzing the germination characteristics of three representative genotypes from three regions， we found that both mechanical peeling and concentrated sulfuric acid treatment for 30 minutes can effectively break down the seed dormancy， thus resulting in significant improvement on the seed germination rate. Collectively， these results provided an important theoretical basis and technical guarantee for the protection and utilization of the endangered wild germplasm resources of Vicia sativa.