DNA fingerprinting analysis that enables assigning uniform identity information for each rice germplasm is of great significance for identifying the genetic basis of rice germplasm resources， improving their utilization efficiency and protecting the intellectual property rights of the seed industry in China. In this study， using 5374 rice accessions that have been genotyped by the whole-genome resequencing， two sets of genome-wide DNA fingerprinting standards were established through the selection of reference sample resources， analysis of high-quality SNP loci， and selection of the optimal number of SNPs and SNP combinations. Through principal component analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis， SNPs in the collection of fingerprinting standards 1 and 2 could represent 94，197 high-quality population common SNPs applicable for the population genetic diversity. In addition， population genetic similarity analysis verified the effectiveness of fingerprinting standards 1 and 2 to uncover the genetic similarity identification of rice germplasm resources. This study is expected to provide technical support for the conservation and utilization of rice germplasm resources and the protection of intellectual property rights in the seed industry， and to provide reference for the development of DNA fingerprinting standards for other crops.