Fragrance volatile organic compounds play key role on exploitation and utilization in ornamental plants. In this study， headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） was used to determine and quantify the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in five rose petals. Ninety-one VOCs were identified and classified into nine types： terpenes， alcohols， esters， aldehydes， alkanes， phenols， ketones， ethers， acids. Forty-five components were detected in R. centifolia； 52 components including five exclusive compositions were detected in R. ‘Morocco’； 40 compounds including two exclusive compositions were detected in R. ‘de Grasse’； 57 compounds including eight exclusive compositions were detected in R. ‘Duc de Fitzjames’； 63 compounds including 11 exclusive compositions were detected in R. × damascena. The compounds 2-Phenylethanol， Geraniol， β-Citronellol， and Geranyl acetate were predominant in five rose petals. R. × damascena had the highest content of VOCs， reaching 3622.68 ng/g， and the contents of VOCs in R. ‘Morocco’， R. ‘Duc de Fitzjames’， R. ‘de Grasse’， R. centifolia were 2507.07 ng/g， 2445.9 ng/g， 1394.54 ng/g， 883.38 ng/g， respectively. Heatmap cluster analysis and cluster analysis showed that R. × damascena was closely related to R.‘Duc de Fitzjames’， and the content of terpenes were significantly different in petals of five rose. Collectively， this study provided reference for future exploitation and utilization of Rosa genus resources.