The genetic diversity， correlation， principal component analysis， clustering and comprehensive evaluation were employed to analyze and assess agronomic traits of 296 peanut germplasm resources. The results revealed that the genetic diversity index for three quality traits ranged from 0.526-0.909， while the genetic diversity index for ten quantitative traits varied between 0.834-2.007. Additionally， the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.268%-68.198%. These findings indicated that these peanut germplasm resources possess abundant genetic information. Correlation analysis suggested significant associations between emergence uniformity， whole growth period， leaf shape， productivity per plant and yield. Principal component analysis extracted six principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 78.336%， representing most of the agronomic traits. Cluster analysis divided this collection into two categories including four groups based on their characteristics related to high-yield potential， small-grain size， early-maturity or large-grain size. These groups can serve as candidate materials for future germplasm selection in breeding programs. A comprehensive score was constructed using fuzzy membership function based on contribution weights assigned to six principal components， which was shown as F=0.323F₁+0.257F₂+0.122F₃+0.108F₄+0.010F₅+0.091F₆. Four peanut germplasm resources displaying favorable comprehensive traits were selected as potential candidates for future peanut breeding. This study offering a theoretical basis for selecting appropriate parental lines and specific in future breeding programs.