Lilium spp. originates in China and holds an important and special position in China's flower industry. Floral fragrance is a important label of its ornamental traits. Previous studies have shown that the main floral components of different fragrance types vary greatly. The differences between strongly scented lilies and lightly scented lilies are mainly concentrated in the differences of terpenoids， while the sampling period， location， environment， hormones and so on might lead to changes in floral components. At present， the research on the synthetic pathway of lily fragrance substances focuses on the terpene synthesis pathway， mostly on the functional study of terpene synthase and the analysis of the upstream regulatory network， while the functional analysis of the genes of the metabolic pathway of other floral fragrance components and the research on the molecular regulatory mechanism are still a lot of unanswered questions. Due to the lack of comprehensive and in-depth analysis of synthesis and regulatory mechanisms in floral fragrance， it is difficult to support precise modification of floral fragrance， ultimately resulting in a slow process of floral fragrance breeding. In-depth exploration and utilization of lily floral fragrance genes and improvement of related metabolic pathways and regulatory networks may be the following focus of lily floral fragrance. In this paper， we review and summarize the previous research on lily floral fragrance， and prospect the future research direction， in order to provide a reference for the subsequent research on the molecular regulatory mechanism of lily floral fragrance， and provide a reference for the directional cultivation of new lily varieties with pleasant fragrance.