Using 213 samples of Gossypium barbadense L. as material， four floral traits in three environmental locations （Korla in 2022， Awati County in 2022， and Awati County in 2023） and 41 characters （26 quantitative traits and 15 quality traits） in different growth stages of Gossypium barbadense L. in 2023 environmental locations were determined. Genetic diversity analysis， principal component analysis， correlation analysis， cluster analysis， multiple regression analysis and comprehensive value evaluation were used to evaluate the germplasm resources of 213 Gossypium barbadense L.. These four floral traits were highly susceptible to environment influences， with the anther being particularly sensitive to high-temperature stress. The genetic diversity index of the 41 traits ranged from 0.030 to 2.139， and the variation coefficient of 26 quantitative traits ranged from 2.70% to 30.83%， indicating that the relatively rich genetic diversity. Nine principal components were extracted from the 26 quantitative traits， with a cumulative contribution rate of 74.969%， which were divided into yield component factors， plant growth factors， and plant pollination factors based on their attributes. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the correlation between the quantitative traits used in the test， if compared to pollen viability and the rate of boll shedding was not significant. Using 26 quantitative traits for cluster analysis， 213 resources can be divided into 5 categories：16 high-yield genotypes with excellent overall characteristics， 122 genotypes with excellent floral traits characterized by large flower leaves， 44 materials with commendable fiber quality， 29 genotypes with prominent vegetative organs， and two genotypes with higher pollen activity. Based on the clustering of two high temperature tolerance traits （pollen viability and boll shedding rate）， they were divided into three groups： 102 genotypes with high pollen viability and low boll shedding rate， 63 genotypes with medium pollen viability and 48 genotypes with low pollen viability and high boll shedding rate. There were seven genotypes in the intersection of the two optimal clustering groups. These results provided a theoretical basis for future exploration and germplasm innovation of Gossypium barbadense L..