Crop germplasm resources serve as the foundational material for the development of new varieties. Advances in high-throughput phenotyping technology offer a new perspective for the exploration and utilization of superior germplasm. In this study， the time-series canopy coverage data from 1129 soybean germplasms， collected by unmanned air vehicles， along with two spatial and temporal traits， max canopy coverage （MaxCC） and canopy cover increase speed （CCSpeed）， were statistically analyzed. This analysis aimed to reveal the dynamic growth characteristics and variations of germplasm resources from different ecological regions in the field. The results showed that under the planting environments of Nanchang， Jiangxi province， the MaxCC and CCSpeed of these germplasm resources exhibited substantial phenotypic diversity， with variation coefficients of 16.09% and 49.35%， respectively. Germplasms with distinct growth habits and ecological origin varied in their MaxCC and CCSpeed； those with a determinate stem growth habit showed faster CCSpeed and a higher MaxCC. Soybean germplasms from southern ecological regions demonstrated higher MaxCC and faster CCSpeed compared from other regions. Twenty-one elite germplasms with MaxCC above 90% and the CCSpeed above 0.3 d^-1 were selected. These germplasms are suitable for planting in the southern region due to their early canopy closure， which can mitigate weed pressure， thus reducing field management costs. Rapid accumulation of biomass during the early growth stage can lead to higher yields in later stages. These findings provide a material basis for the breeding of new high-yielding soybean varieties with desirable characteristics and hold significant implications for soybean production.