To explore the phenotypic diversity of A. crenata germplasm resources, 32 phenotypic traits of 56 A. crenata germplasm resources were analyzed. Diversity analyses showed that 56 A. crenata germplasm had enriched variation, with the Shannon-Wiener indices of 18 qualitative traits varying from 0.3 to 1.247, with a mean value of 0.734, and 14 quantitative traits with Shannon-Wiener indices ranging from 1.931 to 2.071, with a mean value of 2.007, and coefficients of variation 8.98%-46.32%, mean value 23.3%. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the correlation of the color of fruiting branch parts was significant, and there was a highly significant correlation between the growth quantity traits of the main stem and fruiting branches. Principal component analysis indicated that eight principal components with a cumulative contribution of 76.34%, mainly plant and fruiting branch length, fruit and leaf color, were the main factors for phenotypic differences in A. crenata germplasm; five excellent germplasm resources of A. crenata with high composite scores were obtained by screening. Cluster analysis could classify the 56 A. crenata germplasm into six taxa, and there were large differences in phenotypic traits among different taxa. The abundant phenotypic diversity and varietal types provide a basis for the selection, development, and utilization of superior germplasm resources of A. crenata.