2025-4-24- 15
Home > Archive>Volume 26, Issue 4, 2025 >719-730. DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20240807001
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Variation of Fruit Traits and Plus Tree Selection in Terminalia chebula Retz.
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Affiliation:

1.Forestry and Grassland Technique Extention Station of Baoshan City， Baoshan 678000， Yunnan;2.Forestry and Grassland Scientific Research Institute of Baoshan City， Baoshan 678000， Yunnan;3.Institute for Drug Inspection and Testing of Baoshan， Baoshan 678000， Yunnan

Fund Project:

Foundation projects：Yunnan Provincial Major Sciences and Technology Special Projects Program （202302AE090023）；The Science and Technology Plan Project of Baoshan City（2024bskj22）

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    Abstract:

    To comprehensively explore the germplasm resources of Terminalia chebula Retz.， this study selected 240 candidate individual plants from the Nujiang River Basin for analysis. Nineteen fruit traits were assessed， and variation and correlation analyses were performed. Superior individual plants were identified through principal component analysis （PCA）， the affiliation function method， and a multidimensional coordinate synthesis method. The results demonstrated substantial variation in the fruit traits of T. chebula， with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.03 to 0.78 and an average of 0.21. Gallic acid content exhibited the highest variability， followed by pulp weight， total phenols， fruit weight， and kernel weight. In contrast， traits such as the fruit shape index， water extract， edible rate， and moisture content showed relative limited variation. The edible rate displayed an extremely significant positive correlation with soluble solids and total acid， as well as significant positive correlations with water extract， total phenols， and gallic acid content. These findings highlight the edible rate as a critical indicator for the selection of superior T. chebula individuals. Moreover， extremely significant positive correlation were observed among total sugar， total acid， total phenols， and soluble solids. PCA of the 19 traits yielded five principal components， collectively accounting for 74.444% of the cumulative variance. Nine exceptional elite plants were identified， with the following serial numbers： BB01， BB13， JZS22， MC18， MC20， MCC12， MK08， MK12， and SJK08. These results offer a scientific foundation for the selection and development of improved varieties of T. chebula， holding significant practical value for future cultivation and resource utilization.

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  • Received:August 07,2024
  • Online: April 03,2025
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