In this study, 85 local adzuki bean germplasm resources collected in Zhejiang Province during “The Third National Campaign of Crop Germplasm Census and Collection” were used as materials, and a systematic analysis was conducted on the genetic diversity of their agronomic and quality traits. The study found that these resources were unevenly distributed within Zhejiang Province and exhibited rich genetic diversity. The coefficient variation of quantitative traits ranged from 6.10% to 58.26%. The coefficients of variation of yield per plant (58.26%) and the number of pods per plant (42.47%) were the highest. The Shannon diversity index ranged from 0.02 to 2.43, and the diversity index of plant height was the largest. Correlation analysis showed that the grain length was positively correlated with grain width (R=0.73), pod length (R=0.62), and 100-seed weight (R=0.82).; the plot yield was positively related to the number of pods per plant (R=0.44) and yield per plant (R=0.38). Principal component analysis extracted 5 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 63.929%. The coefficient variation of 11 descriptive traits ranges from 0.00% to 181.15%. The coefficient of variation of the color of young pod was the smallest, and that of pod dehiscence was the largest. The diversity index ranged from 0.00 to 1.18. The diversity index of maturity was the highest, while that of the young pod color was the lowest. Cluster analysis divided these resources into three major groups. Group I contained 17 resources, with a relatively short overall growth period, a short plant height, and large seed length, seed width, and 100-seed weight. Group II contained 37 resources, with a medium maturity and relatively tall plant. Group III covered 31 resources, with a long growth period, high pod length, pod width, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per pod, as well as high yield and amino acid content. Four excellent adzuki bean resources in Zhejiang Province were screened out through comprehensive scoring. This study systematically analyzed and evaluated the newly collected adzuki bean germplasm resources in Zhejiang. It provides an important theoretical basis for adzuki bean germplasm innovation and the cultivation of excellent varieties, and contributes to promoting the development of the adzuki bean industry.