Abstract:研究了山羊草不同物种作母本,在不借助胚培等特殊措施的情况下与不含隐性可杂交基因的小麦推广品种杂交、回交及杂种自交情况,结果表明(1)山羊草物种作母本,小麦推广品种作父本进行杂交是一种很有效的方式;山羊草物种作母本容易与小麦进行杂交,但回交和自交较困难;回交与自交相比时,回交容易些;(2)同一物种的不同基因型材料在与小麦杂交、回交及杂种自交时存在大量变异;(3)杂交结实率与以后的回交或自交并不相关,但是杂种的回交和自交之间相关;(4)山羊草物种与小麦杂交、回交及其杂种自交的结实率与其染色体组构成并无明显相关.

Abstract:通过两年5点对149份中国小豆种质资源农艺性状的综合鉴定与评价,充分证明了小豆为短日照作物,同时存在对日照不敏感类型;通过混合聚类,把供试材料划分为2群6类,其中来源于华北和黄河中下游地区的种质具有更加丰富的遗传多样性;筛选出9份优异种质至少可以在两个或两个以上的生态地区直接推广利用.

Abstract:72 native maize resources were collected from the Three Gorge Areas in 1996,they are respectively crossed with each of two inbreds derived from the improved Reid and Lancaster germplasm next year.The grain yield and its component characters were evaluated by grey correlative degree analysis.The result showed that 16 of these resources could have potential value for us.Among 16 resources,6 showed better heterosis,when they crossed with the improved Reid germplasm,another 6 crossed with the improved Lancaster germplasm showed better heterosis,and the rest 4 resources showed much better heterosis which crossed with both of the two improved maize germplasm.

Abstract:对1281份云南稻种核心种质分蘖初期耐热性鉴定结果表明(1)初步筛选出分蘖初期耐热品种283份,其中1级耐热品种2份,分别是矮子糯和团结糯,3级281份,两者共占22.1%.(2)明确云南不同生态群间耐热性的差异,其强弱依次为爪哇群＞晚籼群＞早中籼群＞冬籼群＞普通群＞光壳群.(3)耐热性强弱与籼粳、水陆、有无颖毛密切相关,而与粘糯关系不大.

Abstract:A Survey on jackfruit germplasm resources in different ecotypes was made in Xinglong Area of Hainan Province,the survey gives a very clear picture of the distribution,habitat,flowering and fruiting stages,culitivation history as well as main characters,etc.The agronomic characters,fruit qualites,and resistance to main diseases and pests were evaluated

Abstract:This paper reports the agronomic traits and standard heterosis(SH) of 27 indica/javanica hybrids Pei'ai 64S(Indica rice,a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line) and Javanica rice at Changsha.In general,there are no significant difference in grains per panicle and theoretic yield per hectare but significant difference at 1% level in the other traits between indica/javanica hybrid and check;comparing with the check,the indica/ javanica hybrids have positive SH in culm height,panicle length,spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight;and negtive SH in days to flower,effective tillers per plant,seed set,theoretic yield per hectare,actual yield per hectare.For the individuals,the hybrids with SH of theoretic yield per hectare>40% possess 11.1%,the hybrids with SH of actual yield per hectare >40% occupy 3.7%.The utilization method of iavanica resouces is discussed.

Abstract:通过选用籼粳交中间材料与籼型强恢材料杂交导入广亲和基因的育种方法,将粳稻基因渗入籼稻恢复系,育成的三系及二系新种质明恢86,具有广亲和性、恢复力强、恢复谱广、米质优、配合力好、抗稻瘟病、制种产量高等特点.明恢86与野败型、矮败型、K型败、印尼水田谷型、冈型败、D型败、两用不育系、新质源不育系(岳4A)等多个不育系配组,均表现出强优的杂种优势和优良的综合性状,其中汕优明86、福两优2186、Ⅱ优明86已先后通过福建省或三明市农作物品种审定委员会审定.目前,正在福建和全国南方稻区大面积推广应用.

Abstract:Five hundreds and fifty-seven varieties were inoculated with two sweet potato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearium) strains at seedlings in pot and field,and 31 varieties were selected showing resistant to both strains.Following inoculated with fusarium wilt fungi (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatae),16 of 31 varieties showed resistant to both bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt diseases.Comparing with major variety Xiangshu75-55 in Fujian,seven varieties of them showed similar resistance to two diseases,but more resistant to bacterial wilt diseases than that to the other disease.They were Quanshu 860,Quanshu854,Jinshan93,Rongxuan 416,Jinshan 908,Guangshu88- 70 and Quanshu853.The four control varieties of Fushu87,Linsi No.2,Jinshan57 and Zhan 93-16 have single resistance to one disease or one strain.

Abstract:对来自棉花远缘杂种后代的61份材料进行苗期和花铃期的抗红蜘蛛特性鉴定筛选出3401、3402、3406、3415和5112等5个苗期抗和花铃期中抗红蜘蛛的材料,它们的产量为鄂棉18(对照)的82.6%～102.4%,纤维品质优于或相当于对照,最后对有关抗性筛选问题进行了讨论.

Abstract:Two hundreds and sixty-one varieties were used to study genetic variation of soymilk,tofu output,quality and processing traits.The results showed that 100g soybean seeds could produce 71.92g soymilk powder,51.80g tofu ,25.76g dry residue and 20.12g dry whey.The average protein content,oil content and carbohydrate were 51.80%, 22.53% and 18.46% in soymilk powder and were 46.22%,24.67% and 19.42% in dry tofu respectively.Significant genetic variations were observed for all traits and elite genotypes for important traits were screened out which can be used in breeding program to improve soymilk and tofu production.

Abstract:A total 1589 accessions of wheat germplasm from 10 provinces or municipalities were measured for hardness,percipitation number and protein content.A batch of entries superior in all three indices were selected as candidate material for wheat breeding and production.

Abstract:对1995～2000年送入国家种质库长期保存的1556份玉米种质资源主要品质进行了分析鉴定,粗蛋白质平均含量为11.92%;粗脂肪平均含量为4.29%;总淀粉平均含量为70.20%;赖氨酸平均含量为0.34%.

Abstract:By applying BrdU into chromosomes in two S phases,we established an efficient replication handing technique for plant chromosomes,and displayed lots of visible bands on the whole chromosome arm.This may bring a breakthrough in plant chromosome handing.

Abstract:我国已收集到甜高粱资源1536份,包括地方品种、育成品种及国外引入品种,已于"七五"至"九五"期间相继编目入库.本文综述了我国甜高粱种质资源特性鉴定及在制糖、青贮、制酒等方面的利用概况,并介绍了甜高粱种质资源创新和育种利用方面的进展.

Abstract:1995～2000年,我们对安徽省李树主要产地的品种资源进行了实地调查与品种对比研究。安徽省李树品种资源主要分布区为淮北平原的宿州市、阜阳市,江淮之间的淮南市、滁州市、合肥市,长江以南的铜陵市、芜湖市、黄山市等地。考察收集到:安农美李、海棠李、清香李、丁香李、鸡血李、八月李、林檎李、水胭脂李、黄

Abstract:向日葵黑斑病(Alternaria helianthi(Hansford)Tubakiyet Nishihasa)在世界上分布较广,危害也较大,我国东北三省都有发生,近年在吉林省白城市向日葵主产区发生严重,因感此病而发生大范围枯死,严重影响向日葵籽实产量和质量。由于向日葵植株高大,化学防