Abstract:通过6年10代南北育种,对征集的1000份国内外种质资源、育种试材进行大量测交育性鉴定,建立了A1至A7七种胞质恢保体系,进一步拓展和丰富了高粱杂种优势利用的基因型范围,培育出A1至A7七种胞质雄性不育系30多个系列和新胞质杂交种.通过对A1、A2、A3、A5、A6型五种胞质不育的育性恢复基因的遗传机制的研究,找到了A1、A2、A5、A6胞质不育恢复基因的差异和有许多共同恢复系和保持系的原因.研究并分析了A3胞质不育杂交种F2分离比率和A3不育系育性恢复基因的遗传方式,发现了A3胞质不育系小花不败育,培育出矮秆、穗大粒多、配合力强、育性又非常稳定的一批A3型不育系.找到了优点多、实用价值大、长期科学实践中难恢复的不育系--A3不育系的恢复系,进一步配制出A3杂交种并转育了一大批A3恢复系后代材料.

Abstract:The results of analysis on genetic parameters(genetic varitation coefficents,hereditary capacities and genetic advances) of F_2 in three different soybean cross combinations showed that these genetic parameters varied significantly among the three types.The parameters in the parent forms with wild relatives have broader diversity for selection.

Abstract:1027 soybean germplasm were screened and evaluated for resistance to root rot,caused by Phytopththora sojae.The results showed that the resistance of Chinese soybean germplasm was better than that of introduced ones;The germplasm from south of China was higher resistant to root rot than north ones; The germplasm from Yangtze River Basin was highest resistant,the germplasm from Yellow River,Huaihe River and Haihe River Basins was higher and the Northeast ones were low.The resistance of breeding lines was better than cultivars and landraces and there were different in resistance in the germplasm from different provinces,of which Heilongjiang germplasm was lowest resistant to Phytophthora root rot.It was one of the important causes of occurrence of Phytophthora root rot in the Province.There were more resistant germplasm in colorless,yellow and brown color types of seed navel.

Abstract:Triticum aestivum spp yunnanense King originated from lower reaches of Lancang and Nu rivers in Yunnan Province.It has special traits such as hard chaff,which is difficult to shell,and fragile spike axes.This paper presents the study on drought resistance of seedlings and grown plants in Triticum aestivum spp yunnanense King.The results showed that there were significant variances in drought resistance of seedlings in different varieties.Of which,cultivar Youzhadi Guangtou was the strongest,following by Lancang Tieke,Yongde Tieke and Yunmai 42.Youzhadi Guangtou is a local cultivar of common wheat in Yunnan Province.Drought resistance of grown plant was stronger than that of seedling and no significant variance in different varieties.Of the all varieties tested, Yunxian Tieke was the best in drought resistance in grown plant and Youzhadi Guangtou was in second.Others were similar to Yunmai 42.

Abstract:本研究采用Griffing方法Ⅰ,利用6 × 6完全双列杂交,对6个不同类型的冬小麦品种粒重叶比的遗传进行了初步分析.结果表明粒重叶比的一般配合力(GCA)效应,特殊配合力(SCA)效应和反交(R)效应,均达到极显著水平,其均方比为1.94650.67001;粒重叶比的遗传以加性基因效应占优势,但反交效应和非加性基因效应也不可忽视;粒重叶比的广义遗传力(hB2)为97.79%,狭义遗传力(hN2)为58.53%.河农2552是较为理想的育种亲本.

Abstract:One hundred and sixty one Tibetan wheat accessions were identified for salt tolerance under three different salt concentrations.Salt-tolerant variety Chadianhong and sah-sensitive variety PI94341 were used as CK varieties.Fourteen accessions with better salt tolerance were selected.Three salt insensitive accessions were found.The results showed that Tibetan wheat is rich in salt tolerant genotypes.These sah-tolerant germplasm of Tibetan wheat will become important material basis for salt-tolerant wheat breeding.

Abstract:High quality,early maturity and scab resistance are the three prior objectives in wheat breeding in most wheat growing area in South Yellow River Region.A new wheat variety,Zhengzhou 9023,with high quality,early maturity and scab resistance was successfully developed.Discussions on breeding methodology,characterization and use strategy were presented in this paper.

Abstract:This paper presents the results of study on agronomic characters and resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara of soybean cultivars in Helongjiang Province.It was found that the ratio of the cultivars with branchy form,round leaf,purple flower and brown leaf pubescence was high in the cuhivars with resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara. This finding is useful in selecting and breeding varieties with resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara.

Abstract:利用双低油菜品种油研2号的天然不育可遗传突变株,采取田间选择和品质筛选相结合、不育株后代连续兄妹交保持纯化的定向培育方法,育成甘蓝型油菜双低不育系--黔油2AB.经田间性状和遗传鉴定表明其恢保关系有别于其它不育源,育性受两对细胞核显性基因(杂合型两型系)控制,属细胞核显性不育系;该不育系芥酸含量低于1%、硫甙含量低于30μmol/g,含油量达40%以上;其育性分明、不育性稳定而彻底;具有田间长势强、经济性状好,较抗(耐)油菜菌核病和配合力较强等优点,是开展优质杂交油菜品种选育的重要亲本材料.

Abstract:Rice germplasm resources in Guizhou are rich in genetic diversity with relatively large variation of biological characters and various types from evolution and artificial selection.Being evaluated and sorted systematically and comprehensively with the multi-disciplinary sciences,5168 traditional varieties,collected from 79 counties of Guizhou,accounting for about 10% of the total in China,were regenerated and sent to the National Bank of Crops Germplasm Resources at Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)for long-term storage.There were some elite types including semi-dwarf, big panicle,big grain,high quality,cold and drought tolerance,resistance to diseases and pests.Other special elite types characterized by restoring to CMS,wide compatibility,and poly-embryonic seedlings were also screened out.Database for base and core collection was established to facilitate the uhilization of rice germplasm resources.

Abstract:There are about 3000 accessions of mulberry germplasm resources in China.Of which,over 60 accessions can be used as fruit mulberry.Comprehensive studies on nutrition components,red pigment and cultivation technology of fruit mulberry have been conducted.And mulberry juice,can fruit,jam and wine were developed.Moreover, fruit mulberry was used as important medicinal material and the raw material for heahh food.Needs for strengthening research on pharmacology of mulberry fruit and promoting the industrialization of mulberry fruit products were discussed.