Abstract:阔叶、有棉酚腺体陆地棉干种子经250Gy^60 Coγ射线辐照，在M1代筛选到鸡脚叶γ-1、γ-2和γ-5突变体。3株突变体自交后代（M2）中，阔叶：鸡脚叶：超鸡脚叶的分离比例符合1：2：1；γ—1和γ-2自交后代中的所有棉株均有棉酚腺体；γ-5自交后代中，有棉酚腺体株：无棉酚腺体株的分离比例符合3：1，阔叶、有棉酚腺体株：阔叶、无棉酚腺体株：鸡脚叶、有棉酚腺体株：鸡脚叶、无棉酚腺体株：超鸡脚叶、有棉酚腺体株：超鸡脚叶、无棉酚腺体株的分离比例符合3／16：1／16：6／16：2／16：3／16：1／16。该结果表明，3株突变体的叶形变异由1对不完全显性基因控制，γ-5的无棉酚腺体基因由1对隐性基因控制，且γ-5的叶形基因与棉酚腺体基因为独立遗传。通过对γ-5自交后代各种变异株的SSR标记研究表明，BNL3649、BNL2440度BNL1414为候选标记。为进一步对突变基因进行定位奠定了基础。

Abstract:The GR38,a japonica-prone rice with wide spectrum and strong restoring,was developed from the cross of Guangzhongai,a wide compatibility China indica rice,and Balilla,a Italian japonica rice without restoring ability.GR38 performed strong restoring ability to most of cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) lines and was different from other restorer lines available only to some of CMS.SSR analysis revealed that a restorer gene of GR38 was located on the long arm of chromosome 1.It was different from any reported restorer locus according to their chromosomal locations and may be a new one.In addition,GR38 has showed strong combining ability in grain yield and significant heterosis.The restorer line breeding way created from the cross of distant japonica rice and wide compatibility indica was useful to broad the scope of restorer genes resources and genetic base,and to break the limitation of the restoring genes from a few of Southeasten Asian varieties such as IR24 and its progeny.

Abstract:The gliadin composition of seventy-two Chinese wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) landraces was analyzed by A-PAGE in order to understand their genetic heterogeneity and genetic diversity.In total,101 gliadin bands were observed in all accessions,which formed 229 gliadin patterns.The number of gliadin bands in a landrace ranged from 14 to 24.Sixty-three landraces (87.5%) had more than two types of combinations of gliadin patterns.Among them, Erhongpi(ZM004659) had the highest number of 14 gliadin patterns in 30 kernels.Most landraces had two to three gliadin banding patterns.Nine landraces(12.5%) had identical gliadin patterns in different kernels within each entry.This indicates that most Chinese landraces examined were genetically heterogeneous in gliadin constitution.Cluster analysis demonstrated that the landraces originated from similar ecotypes were not grouped together.

Abstract:Diversity of reproductive factors expressed obviously among all the sampling sites of O.rufipogon Griff.in Gaozhou.Path analysis was studied about 141 accessions involving pollen fertility,anther dehiscence index,embryo sac fertility and seed setting rate.The results showed that seed setting rate of 61.17% was effected by pollen fertility,anther dehiscence index and embryo sac fertility,in which anther dehiscence index(the path coefficient reached 0.6495) was the most important factor.Pollen fertility and embryo sac fertility had almost the same direct effect on seed setting rate,and their direct path coefficients were 0.2356 and 0.2137 respectively.Indirect path coefficient of pollen fertility via anther dehiscence index reached 0.2960.O.rufipogon Griff.of 141 accessions were classified into four groups by cluster analysis,to which the variance analysis and the Duncan's multiple comparison test were employed.The details were as follows: In the first group,all the pollen fertility,anther dehiscence index and embryo sac fertility had effects little on the seed setting rate.Seed setting rate is mainly affected by embryo sac fertility in second group,which is affected by anther dehiscence index in the third group,which is affected by anther dehiscence index and pollen fertility in the fourth group.

Abstract:枣疯病是一种毁灭性的植原体病害。在全国范围内收集待鉴定抗枣疯病种质29份，采用在重病大树上高接待鉴定种质的高强度筛选方法，经过8年多的筛选和验证，从中筛选出4份抗性强且稳定的高抗单系，即骏枣单系、南京木枣单系、称砣枣单系、清徐圆枣单系。将骏枣高抗单系用于高接改造病树，已连续5年正常生长结果，未再次感染枣疯病。这些抗病单系既可直接作为抗病品种进行栽培，也可用于染病植株和感病品种的高接改造。

Abstract:在从抗白粉痛小麦砷间偃麦草异附加系Ⅱ-1—1与含杀3C配子染色体的农林26杂交井自交的后代中，通过人工接种鉴定，选出4个抗白粉病种质03012、04060、04112、04146。细胞学鉴定表明，4个种质的染色体数目均为2n=42条。花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ多形成二价体。03012／烟农15杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ细胞中平均形成2个单价体，可能为异代换系。04060／烟农15、04112／烟农15和04146／烟农15的F1中均出现一定数量的单价体和多价体，可能为易位系。利用SSR标记鉴定表明，引物WMC327是含中间偃麦草抗白粉病基因所在染色体的特异标记；03012可能是一个2D染色体的异代换系。

Abstract:The resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight was evaluated in Barley by using single floret injection. The result showed there was the resistance to spread as well as to initial infection of Fusarium head blight in barley. The comparison of different traits in different days after inoculation suggested that the proportion of scabbed spikelets on 21 days after inoculation was the best index for evaluating the resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight, which had the largest range, genetic coefficient variance and heretability. The number of scabbed spikelets on 21 days after inoculation and the area under disease progress curve were significant correlated to the proportion of scabbed spikelets on 21 days after inoculation. There was a large diversity for the resistance to spread of Fusarium head blight in barley cultivar. Among all tested cuhivars, Suyin 21, Wujing 1, Pu846193, Yan 97001 and 96AC20-30 were high resistance cuhivars, which occupyied 2.04% of the total tested cuhivars.

Abstract:The discrepancy analysis of more than 700 flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources has been researched in the aspects of botanical traits, primary characters, disease resistant and tobacco leaf chemical component. The results showed that the discrepancy of flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources were mainly in the plant type, leaf shape, leaf auricle, leaf apex, angle of leaf and inflorescence. In addition, the main characters had certain differences. The range of plant height, wiping plant height, total leaves, node distance, stem, breadth and length of middle leaf were 97.0-326.0cm, 75.3-133.7cm, 8.6-54 leaves, 2. 6-10. lcm, 6.3-13.8cm, 41.6- 99.0cm, 16.6-47.8cm respectively. The range of proportion of the lower leaf, cutters, and upper leaf are 1.3- 3.7,1.5-4.9,1.6-5.8 separately. The range of budding period stage was 30-100 days. The coefficients of variation of the main characters were 7.8%-30. 3%. There were great differences in tobacco leaf chemical component for different germplasm resources, and the coefficient of variation was from 16.4% to 69.2%. Among 702 germplasm resources, the percentage of disease resistance, medium resistance, susceptibility, medium susceptibility was 18.2% , 36.0% , 6.6% , 39.0% respectively, and the considerable germplasm resources may offer the breeders with multiple choices in the future breeding programs.

Abstract:Polyethylene glycol(PEG)-6000 was employed as osmotic agent for simulating water stress,to study the germination characteristics of rice grain in four difference concentrations osmotic solution and to establish the identification index for indirectly evaluating drought-resistance in germination period.The result showed that the inhibiting on seed germination in higher concentration of PEG was larger than that in lower concentration of PEG,and drought response index of germination rate was increased along with the decrease of PEG conentration and the course of germination.Germination rate after germinated 6 days in 20% concentration of PEG had more variance range and coeffecient of variation,better proportion on variety distributing than other's,it could reflect different response of rice variety on osmotic stress,so it was fit for drought-resistance identification on germination rate.Survival rate of seedling treated drought repeatedly was significantly correlated with the index of germination in osmotic stress and coleoptile length after germinated 8 days on 20% concentration of PEG,so index of germination and coleoptile length could be used as identification index for indirectly evaluating drougt-resistance at the seedling stage.

Abstract:Biologic characteristic on the nutritional stress in the Dongxiang wild rice were surveyed with the two populations Dongtang(DT)and Dongtangxice(DTXC),a variety tolerant to phosphorus defeciency Dalidao(DLD) and another variety sensitive to phosphorus defeciency Xinsanbaili(XSBL) by sandy culture and soil culture.The results of sandy culture showed that the dry weight of shoot and yield of biomass of DT and DTXC decreased under low-N,low-P,low-K stress.the ratio of shoot to root increased more significantly and it was more obviously under low-N stress.The results of soil culture showed that the dynamics of plant height and tillering under low-N were basically similar to those of no fertilizer treatment in all varieties.Under low-N,low-P and low-K stresses the tillering numbers of DLD and XSBL had a decreasing stage,but those of DT and DTXC populations basically kept steady.Compared to full fertilizer treatment,traits of dry weight of leaf,root and stem-sheath of DT were significantly different,and traits of length of flag leaf,dry weight of leaf,stem and yield of biomass of DTXC were significantly different under P-deficiency condition respectively,and other traits were insignificantly different.Other 11 traits of DT were insignificantly different barring dry weight of leaf and root,and other 11 traits of DTXC were insignificantly different barring density of spikelet setting and weight of panicle respectively under K-deficiency condition.So it preliminarily indicated DT and DTXC of Dongxiang wild rice were no tolerant to low-N,and had more different tolerant ability to low-P and low-K stresses.

Abstract:The contents of IAA, GA3 ,ABA,ZR were compared between male sterile lines and their maintainer lines of eggplants buds at different developmental stages by using ELISA. The results show that the contents of IAA,GA3 ,ABA in male sterile lines were higher than that in maintainer lines. The content of ZR in maintainer lines were higher than that in male sterile lines, and there were different changes in the male sterile lines and the maintainer lines.

Abstract:玉米开花相关性状与玉米的成熟期和产量有密切的联系。通过对玉米CN165×单330(早熟种质)群体的130个F2:3家系开花相关性状在3个环境下进行分子鉴定和数量性状位点(QTL)分析,结果表明,在3个环境中检测到控制抽雄天数的10个QTL,分别位于第2、3、4、5、7、8染色体上,在第8染色体上同一区域在3种环境下都检测到了QTL;检测到控制散粉天数的10个QTL,分别位于第1、2、3、5、7、8染色体上,在第8染色体上同一区域在2种环境下都检测到了QTL;检测到控制吐丝天数的4个QTL,分别位于第4、5、8染色体上,在第8染色体不同环境下都检测到了2个QTL;仅仅在一个环境中检测到控制ASI的2个QTL,分别位于第6、9染色体上。这些QTL的基因效应以部分显性和超显性为主。研究表明,第8染色体上ph i060-um c2401区域(8.03~8.04)是一个研究开花相关性状的重要基因组区段,涉及到的标记可以作为分子标记辅助选择的重要候选标记。

Abstract:以23个茎瘤芥地方品种为试材估算了15个性状遗传力、遗传进度及遗传变异系数。结果表明各性状遗传力从大到小顺序为营养生长期、瘤茎膨大期、茎／叶、菜皮百分率、瘤茎产量、叶宽、瘤茎横径、出苗至瘤茎膨大始期、株鲜重、瘤茎纵径、叶长、菜形指数、开展度、瘤茎空心率、株高。瘤茎空心率、茎／叶、菜皮百分率和瘤茎产量的遗传变异较大，具有较大的选择潜力。在5％的选择率下，可获得较大的遗传进展。综合试验结果认为，瘤茎膨大期、营养生长期、茎／叶宜在早代进行一次性单株选择，菜皮百分率、瘤茎产量、叶宽等性状可适当加强早代选择。

Abstract:为探讨CL系列甘蔗品种作杂交亲本的遗传特点,采用3×3不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)遗传设计,估算了7个产量和品质性状的遗传方差、一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)。结果表明:锤度的遗传主要受母本加性基因效应控制,株高的遗传主要受父母本加性基因控制,而锤重的遗传主要受非加性基因效应所制约;CL83-1163作为母本,糖分配合力高,且能把高糖特性传递给后代,CL88-4730为父本,产量和品质性状的配合力大,其杂交后代表现高产高糖;根据配合力总效应(TCA),综合表现好的组合有CL83-1364×CL88-4730、CL83-1900×CL84-3152、CL83-1163×CL88-4730,可用于今后的甘蔗有性育种计划。

Abstract:通过对山东省205份大豆种质资源的形态多样性分析，结果表明主茎节数的形态多样性指数最高，为1．96；花色的遗传多样性指数最低，为0．63。总体上是数量性状形态多样性指数大于质量性状。通过主成分分析，第一主成分的方差贡献率为36．49％，第二主成分的方差贡献率为13，24％；基于形态性状的聚类分析把205份材料聚为3类，其中第1类149份材料，品种生育日数较短，株高低，主茎节数和分枝数均少于其他2类。第2类54份材料，品种生育日数稍长，单株荚数、单株粒数较多，株高较高，百粒重较小。第3类仅2份材料，分别来自第Ⅳ生态区和第Ⅴ生态区。这2个品种生育期较长，株高较高。百粒重较大。

Abstract:Identification of six litchi putative clones with 20 arbitrary primers of 10 bases were carride out by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)markers.Each of them had the same 125 bands,which affirmed that they were high similar to type of Guangming.The genetic relationship of the 43 litchi germplasm resources were analyzed by RAPD with 30 arbitrary primers of 10 bases.212 RAPD loci were polymorphic and accounted for 80.83% of all the loci.The 43 accessions could be classified into 4 groups at the level of the similarity coefficient of 78%,and Guangming belonged to Group 3.These groups were generally with traits of maturing periods.No characteristic band was found to identify Guangming from other germplasms,but it can be identified from others by a combination of several primers such as AP09,AM16 and AK17.

Abstract:分析中国作物种质资源数据库中5072份国内绿豆资源的地理分布,并对14个性状(6个质量性状和8个数量性状)进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:我国绿豆种质资源分布在约28个纬度、60个经度内,其中29~41°N×107~123°E范围内分布最多,占总材料数的75.99%。6个质量性状中荚色的遗传多样性指数最高,而8个数量性状中百粒重的遗传多样性指数最高。35~37°N×111~115°E、37~39°N×111~115°E、39~41°N×115~119°E、41~43°N×115~119°E几个小区遗传多样性指数较高,可初步推断中国绿豆资源遗传多样性中心在35~43°N×111~119°E范围内。

Abstract:将大葱种子干燥成1．8％-10．5％的不同含水量后。在50℃、35℃、20℃和-18℃条件下密闭贮存16个月。通过对棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量的研究，结果表明，随着贮存温度的升高，种子中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量不断升高，但在20℃和-18℃的差异不明显。在50℃下含水量为1．8％～6．6％的种子。5种脂肪酸含量明显大于含水量为7．4％-10.5％的种子。

Abstract:以正常四瓣双低甘蓝型油菜品系ZH004为母本、无花瓣种质APL01为父本杂交，对无花瓣及矮秆等性状进行多代定向选择，育成APL03新种质。该种质群体无花瓣株率迭100％，单株无花瓣度〉90％，植株高度130—140cm，单株有效角果数〉400个，种子含油率高达43％-47％，兼有抗倒伏、抗耐菌核病等特性，成为培育适于全程机械化作业栽培油菜新品种的基础材料。

Abstract:Inbred line of maize plants of five genotypes were treated with five Zn solution to test their nutritional characters. The result indicated there was different sensitivity in five genotypes to different Zn concentration . When Zn concentration was 10^-7mol/L, the maize seedling grew very well, it is the most suitable Zn concentration to maize growth. The Zn concentration in which maize seedling grew worst was 10^-9mol/L. There is different effect to different solution Zn concentration among five inbred line of Maize . The solution Zn concentration has obvious effect on the growth of shoot , and no significant effect on root. SN-11 is Zn sensitive inbred line of maize. 178, XingK36, Chang7-2 are middle sensitivity genotypes. LuYuan92 is close to Zn efficient genotype.

Abstract:从河北351×莆薯76-16杂交后代中选育出的甘薯种质C180,具高抗蔓割病兼抗甘薯瘟Ⅰ型菌系、品质优良、抗病基因遗传力高、配合力好等特点,是抗病育种上已成功利用的核心亲本。福建省利用C180亲本材料直接或间接育成20多个甘薯新品系,其中通过国家或省级审定的品种8个。这些衍生品种主要用于我国南方薯区,多数分布在福建,推广面积较大的有金山57、福薯3282和泉薯723等品种。

Abstract:During long time evolution,plants developed elaborate defense pathway and complicated mechanisms against virus and other pathogens. Virus proteins,such as coat protein(CP),movement protein(MP) and polymerase protein,would interact with host plant proteins during virus infection process.The yeast two hybrid system is a useful method to analyze the interaction between proteins in vitro and applied widely in studying the interaction between proteins of plant and virus.This article mainly presented the advances of the protein interaction of plant and virus by using yeast two hybrid during the past decade.

Abstract:Special germplasm resources is an important component of watermelon germplasm resources, and it is paid more and more attention because of its special characters for special breeding purposes and important study value. In this article, progress in studies and utilization of special watermelon germplasm resources for branchless, dwraf, nonlobed-leaves, male-Sterility and delayed green leaf is introduced in China.

Abstract:Plant Seed oil is a kind of important storage-products, containing multiple fatty acids . Seed oil is both human foods and main industrial materials The development of metabonomics enables us to get a global understanding of biosynthetic pathway of seed oil and fatty acids. There were been a great progress in improving seed oil quality and values by gene engineering in past decades. In the present review, the complexity of regulatory mechanisms of seed oil and fatty acids synthesis was analyzed at both metabolic and gene-transcriptional levels. Several effective strategies were developed for increasing contents of seed oil and nutritional-value fatty acids, and for creating new type of plants which would accumulate high levels of industrial fatty acids in their seeds through transgenic technology. It was also discussed the current problems and prospects of genetic modification of plant seed oil and fatty acids.

Abstract:The definition, basic characteristics and fundamental mechanism of allelopathy are illustrated simply. On the basis of correlation with biodiversity theory the diversity of species, allelo-chemicals of allelopathic effect and their released pathways were summarized. Then the possible effects of allelopathy on biodiversity of species, genetic diversity and community ecology, co-evolution, soil habitation, ecological function and biological invasion in biodiversity of ecosystem were discussed concretely. An important idea on the combination between the utilization and management of allelopathy and the biodiversity protection was proposed. Meanwhile an essential study on the relationship and mutual influence mechanism between allelopathy and biodiversity, especially, its service function and values in ecosystem, should be considered a new approach for biological scholars, which will establish a academic basis for protection biology and chemical ecology.