Abstract:Using 50 SSR makers to analysis genetic diversity among Phytophthora resistant soybean cultivars(lines),265 allelic variants were detected among the cultivars(lines) with average 5.3 alleles per SSR locus.The average genetic similarity coefficient 0.3124,indicating that significant genetic difference existed among the cultivars(lines).Clustering analysis showed when the similarity coefficient was 0.33 the cultivars(lines) were divided into six groups,and the cultivars or lines with the same geographical origin were clustered together.Those cultivars or lines with the same or similar resistance type to Phytophthora sojae were clustered into the same group,it indicated that they should have closer genetic relationship,and should be selectively used.Near-isogenic lines of cultivars Williams and Clark with single Rps gene were different from Chinese Phytophthora resistant soybean cultivars or lines, and could be used to widen the genetic background of Chinese soybean cultivars.

Abstract:Hybridization using green foxtail(Setaria viridis sub.viridis) accession N10 as maternal line and foxtail millet(Setaria italica) landrace Daqingjie as paternal line was made and three hybrid plants were obtained.The hybrid plants showed intermediated morphological development in plant height,stem diameter,length of panicle and the number of tillers.But the pollen development of the hybrids was abnormal and aborted pollens were observed in the anthers.Micro-observation showed that the hybrid microspores were restricted to development among the single-nuclear to mature pollen stage.But the pistils of the hybrid plants were normal and could easily fulfill fertilization with pollen from other lines and seed setting was nearly normal.Back-cross and hybridization with other foxtail millet cultivars were successfully carried out for foxtail millet cytoplamic male sterile line development.

Abstract:Genetic population of F2 and its corresponding F2:3 lines derived from a hybridization combination of Lumianyan22 and Luyuan 343 were used to evaluate the fiber quality and detect the related introgression genes by SSR markers.10 SSR loci were proved to be derived from the Island cotton primogenitor by compared all polymorphic markers.10 SSR loci were proved to be derived from the Island cotton primogenitor by compared all polymorphic marker loci with the Island cotton primogenitor(Ashimouni,a famous Egypt Island cotton cultivar) and the standard genetic line(TM-1) of Upland cotton.There were at least 6 marker loci,which involved in 4 chromosomes,significantly related to different parameters of high fiber quality in this introgression upland cotton germplasm.Statistical analysis and linkage analysis based on the same population showed that,marker loci BNL2986 which related to fiber elongation(R2=5.87%) and NAU751 which related to fiber length(R2=6.62%) and fiber fineness(R2=6.01%) were linked with 17.7cM of genetic distance and located on Chromosome 16.BNL3590 which related to fiber maturation(R2=8.62%) and BNL3971 which related to fiber maturation(R2=15.0%) and fiber elongation(R2=9.79 %) were linked with 4.5 cM and located on Chromosome 2.While BNL3279 which related to fiber strength(R2=8.12%) and BNL827 that related to fiber fineness(R2=13.94%) were dispersed in LGD02 and chromosome 25 respectively.

Abstract:The fatty acids were evaluated in 123 genotypes with bacterial wilt resistance and compared with the corresponding characters in entire collection of 6006 accessions.The results revealed that the average oleic acid content in resistant genotypes was 51.78% which was significantly higher than that in entire collection(45.64%) and average linoleic acid content was 28.88% which was significantly lower than that in entire collection(34.36%). There were 23 accessions with high concent of oleic acid(over 61%),taking 18.7% of the number of resistant genotypes,which was much higher than those in entire collection(2.65%).The diversity in oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid contents in genotypes with bacterial wilt resistance was much richer than that in entire collections based on the analysis of standard deviation,variation coefficient and genetic diversity index.

Abstract:36 accessions of Triticum aestivum ssp.yunnanense King were used to evaluate the HMW glutenin subunits at Glu-1 loci by SDS-PAGE.3 HMW glutenin subunits(i.e.N,2* and 1),5(i.e.7,7 8,17 18,13 16 and 6 8),and 1(2 12) were found at Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci,respectively.Totally there were 6 components of HMW-GS in Yunnan hulled wheat,including N,7,2 12;N,7 8,2 12;2*,7 8,2 12;2*,17 18,2 12;1,6 8,2 12 and 1,13 16,2 12.When compared with the HMW glutenin subunits found in bread wheat,subunits in Yunnan hulled wheat accounted for 18%,and its Nei's genetic variation index of genomes A,B and D was 0.2484,0.5734 and 0,ranking as B>A>D,indicating that Yunnan hulled wheat is an ancestral subspece and there was no genetic diversity at D genome.The average score based on the Payne's system was 5.2,and the highest 3 accessions reached 8.42%.Yunnan hulled wheat had the components of 1,7 8,2 12 and N,7 8,2 12,confirmed as good subunits for steam-bread making quality,which could be used for wheat steam-bread quality improvement.

Abstract:The Tropic of Cancer in China has been recognized as the center of Oryza rufipogon with abundant superior genes such as resistance to diseases and pests.To provide information for the conservation of O.rufipogon in this area,342 individuals from 13 populations near the Tropic of Cancer in Laibin City,Guangxi Autonomous Region,were collected and studied for the genetic diversity and population structure with 26 SSR primer pairs which were distributed among the genome of rice.The results indicated that:(i) Relatively high level of genetic variation was detected both at species(A=9.154,Ae=4.446,I=1.547,He=0.671) and population levels(P=95%,A=4.219,Ae=2.394,I=0.905,He=0.476) comparing to previous studies on O.rufipogon.(ii) The genetic differentiation(Gst=0.30) suggested that 30% genetic variation existed among populations,meaning that most variation happened among the individuals within populations.(iii) The cluster analysis showed that genetic identity among populations was negatively correlated with geographical distance,consistent with the isolation by distance model for the isolation populations.Based on the above results and the conservation actuality of O.rufipogon in China, it could be concluded that population G13 and G06 should be given priority for in-situ conservation.

Abstract:11 corn inbred lines with different Ht gene background were used for detecting the practicability of 5 molecular markers linked to Ht2 and Ht3 genes.Primers,umc1202,bnlg1152,umc1149,SD-06633 and bnlg1666 were detected for their specific to Ht gene.No specific amplification was found in all of the primers.Analysis of the fragments amplified by primer SD-06633,linked to Ht2 gene,showed that the sequence identity was 98.73% between lines with Ht2 and HtN gene.It means that the primer,SD-06633,can not amplified specially for Ht2 gene.None of the 5 primers can be used to identify the present of Ht2 or Ht3 gene in corn.

Abstract:A survey on grass resources was conducted in 19 counties in Hainan from November,2005 to March,2006.74 genera and 159 species were collected,which were about 73.27% and 77.56% of total genera and species in grass family in Hainan.And 4 genera and 21 species were not recorded in flora of Hainan.In this paper,the distribution and nutrition value of the collected species were analyzed,and the conservation of these resources was also discussed.

Abstract:Microspores culture and plant regeneration of the hybrids F1 between autotetraploid Chinese cabbage(AAAA,2n=4x=40) varieties 9401,9402,9403,9404,9405,9406 and diploid Cabbage(CC,2n=2x=18) varieties 9501 were studied.The results showed that the frequency of embryogenesis was different and low among different hybrids.The percentage of plants with 18 chromosomes was 46.7% in the regenerative plants.The occurrence of diverse chromosome associations at diakinesis such as trivalent,bivalent and univalent suggested that the pollen-mother-cell's meiotic chromosome behavior of plant regeneration was complicated.The morphology of the regenerative plants was different.

Abstract:At present,PCR markers for genetic diversity analysis of mungbean(Vigna radiate) germplasm are much limited.Twelve mungbean accessions with different agronomic traits were used to screen polymorphic PCR markers that were obtained from mungbean,adzuki bean(Vigna angularis),cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) and common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris).The results showed that 35 markers among 41 mungbean SSR primer pairs were effectively amplificated and 6 were polymorphic;22 among 28 mungbean STS primer pairs were effectively amplificated and 2 were polymorphic;6 among 8 adzuki bean SSR primer pairs were effectively amplificated,but no polymorphic was found;17 among 27 cowpea SSR primer pairs were effectively amplificated,one was polymorphic;9 primer pairs had good amplification product among 24 common bean SSR primer pairs,one of them was polymorphic.These polymorphic primers will be useful for genetic diversity analysis of Chinese mungbean germplasm.

Abstract:The genetic diversity of fig(Ficus carica L.) germplasm resources in Shandong province was evaluated by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique.The 58 accessions were classified at least as 23 different genotypes by primary analysis with 15 primers.Then 28 out of 36 primers with high polymorphism were selected for RAPD analysis among these genotypes.There were 309 clear and stable alleles amplified,among them 236 were polymorphic ones(76.4%).The genetic similarity coefficients were between 0.592 and 0.960 among these 23 genotypes by UPGMA(un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic) analysis.And based on those data,the dendrogram of these genotypes was constructed.The result revealed the abundant genetic diversity of fig resources in Shandong province.

Abstract:利用差异显示技术,分析小麦TcLr38受小麦叶锈菌诱导的mRNA表达丰度差异,获得了136条差异条带。对136条差异条带进行了回收、重扩增和反向Northern杂交检测,获得一条杂交信号阳性的片段,对该片段进行克隆、测序,该片段长度为425bp。在GenBank中进行Blast比对分析,与普通小麦(Triticum aestivum)同源性较高,并且与小麦抗盐cDNA序列也有较高的同源性;在GrainGenes中进行Blast比对,与小麦的远源亲本粗山羊草(Aegilops tauschii)、栽培一粒小麦(T.monococ-cum)和普通小麦具有较高同源性。利用SegMan软件进行电子克隆延长该片段,未找到与其相符的重叠群。因此确定该片段为TcLr38的cDNA片段,并初步推测该片段可能为一小麦抗病相关基因片段。

Abstract:利用遗传基础丰富的优良中间材料为亲本,配制杂交组合,选育出早熟、高产、适应性广的大豆新品种黑河38号,审定2年种植面积即达20万hm2。分析了黑河38号的遗传组成,核基因来源于十胜长叶、阿姆索等4份国外品种,盖家屯四粒荚、金元等5份农家品种以及1份育成品种和1份当地野生大豆,细胞质来源于克山白眉。

Abstract:对近几年收集的苦荞麦种质资源进行了总黄酮和蛋白质含量的测定及评价。总黄酮和蛋白质含量测定分别采用三氯化铝比色法和微量凯氏定氮法。结果表明:①总黄酮含量平均2.46%,变异范围1.97%~3.03%;蛋白质含量平均14.3%,变异范围10.9%~20.3%。②不同原产地的材料总黄酮和蛋白质含量存在显著差异,总黄酮含量以来自山西的材料最高,其次依次是湖南、宁夏、贵州、云南材料,最低是四川材料;蛋白质含量的排列次序依次为宁夏、湖南、山西、贵州、云南和四川材料。③相关分析表明总黄酮和蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.588。研究认为苦荞麦种质资源的总黄酮和蛋白质含量存在较为丰富的遗传变异并在鉴定评价基础上筛选出一批品质优异的苦荞麦资源。

Abstract:Using glutinous sorghum accessions screened out from our sorghum collections or introduced abroad as initial materials,hybridizations were made with elite sorghum germplasm with desired agronomic characters.Five male sterile lines(L401A,L402A,1053A,1057A and 1058A) and three restore lines(R92,031069R and 031038R) with desired agronomic characters and glutinous quality had been developed through evaluation of and selection for agronomic characters,disease resistance and grain quality.Several new glutinous hybrids with desired agronomic characters and high productivity have been developed using these new germplasm.

Abstract:以中国春-Synthetic 6x小麦染色体代换系及其亲本为材料,研究干旱胁迫条件下染色体对不同生育时期叶片脯氨酸和蛋白质含量的调控效应。结果表明,在干旱胁迫条件下,1D和5D代换系叶片的脯氨酸含量变化在孕穗期、开花期、灌浆期始终显著或极显著高于中国春;而4A、4B、2D和6D代换系的可溶性蛋白质含量变化始终显著或极显著低于中国春。表明,Synthetic 6x的5D和1D染色体上可能有干旱胁迫下促进脯氨酸积累的基因存在,Synthetic 6x的4A、4B、2D和6D染色体上可能有干旱胁迫下抑制蛋白质含量下降的基因存在,小麦叶片游离脯氨酸的积累与可溶性蛋白质含量的下降无显著相关性。

Abstract:By using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system,the photosynthetic character of 80 apricot,plum and apricot plum varieties were measured.The result showed that difference among the tested genotypes were extreme significant.According to photosynthesis rate(Pn),80 genotypes were classified into highest,middle and lowest photosynthesis type by using cluster analysis.Highest,higher,middle and lowest water using efficiency(WUE) type were also ranked according to WUE.Distribution frequency of the highest photosynthesis rate type varieties in apricot was higher than that in plum and apricot plum,account for 50.0%.Frequency of middle photosynthesis rate type in plum and apricot plum,accounted for 55.2% and 62.5% respectively.There were more higher and middle WUE genotypes in apricot and apricot plum,but distribution of WUE types in plum was broad.2 plum genotypes 'Aodeluoda','Lichadezaosheng' and 3 apricot genotypes 'Chaoren','Lanzhoudajiexing','Yangshaoxing'with highest Pn.and higher WUE were choosed for useing in breeding.

Abstract:Three kidney bean cultivars were used to investigate the variability of amino acid content with different levels of phosphorus utilization. The results indicted that amino acid content in kidney bean cultivars increased when P level increased and the components of indispensable amino acid differed among kidney bean cultivars. The highest content of amino acid and its components were observed at 50kg/hm^2 P level in Pinyun 2 and NR cultivars while the highest content in Pinyun 1 was detected at 25kg/hm^2 level.

Abstract:According to the basic information such as origin, agricultural characters of different germplasm,444 representative domestic cultivars,belonging to 13 species or varieties,7 genus of cucurbitaceae respectively,were selected as experimental materials to identify their resistance to root-knot nematode using the inoculation method of infected soil.Results showed the resistance distribution of different cucurbit crops.Omitting the discrepancy of different genotype,the average disease indexes in the same crop were in turn of wax gourd,watermelon,towel gourd,chieh qua,balsam pear,oriental pickling melon,melon,bottle gourd,cucumber,pumpkin,winter squash,summer squash.Through identification,27 accessions of germplasm with resistance to root-knot nematode were obtained,including 12 accessions of wax gourd,3 accessions of balsam pear,7 accessions of towel gourd and 5 accessions of watermelon.

Abstract:The rice C0t-1 DNA and genomic DNA were used as probes to comparatively analyses Oryza.Sativa,O.punctata and O.brachyantha genome by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).The results showed that C0t-1DNA mainly distributed on centromere,acrocentric and telomere,and there were much more signals on chromosomes in O.punctata than that of in O.brachyantha.This was consistent with that of FISH using gDNA as probe,indicating the relationship between genome A and genome B is much closer than that of between genome A and genome F.The feasibility of the investigation of relationships between species in the genus was confirmed by using highly and moderately repetitive DNA sequences,C0t-1DNA.At the same time,karyotype analysis of O.punctata and O.brachyantha were carried out based on C0t-1 DNA hybridizational signal bands.

Abstract:以母本平邑甜茶1株、父本扎矮山定子1株、皱叶矮生型株系(F1)6株及其自然授粉后代实生苗(F2)15株为试材,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法研究叶片过氧化物酶同工酶谱的异同。结果表明:皱叶矮生型株系叶片的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱共有10条酶带,R f值范围0.18~0.90,各植株间的酶带数量基本一致,只有强弱不同,与平邑甜茶酶谱的差异也很小。在皱叶矮生型株系的后代实生苗叶片中,除15 a单株有16条酶带外,其他实生苗的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱约有10条酶带,但株间差异明显,R f值范围0.18~0.84。不同树龄平邑甜茶叶片的酶谱一致性较好。

Abstract:The advances in germplasm of oilseed Brassica juncea were presented with respect to collection and conversation,evaluation,physiological and genetic characterization,enhancement and utilization.Oilseed Brassica juncea originates from Asia.India and China have the greatest collection of the species.Oilseed Brassica juncea could be divided into 2 major groups: China/East European and China/Indian.There is a great genetic variability in each group from which a number of accessions with the desired traits have been identified,and physiologically and genetically characterized.Many oilseed B.juncea accessions with novel traits have been developed through distant hybridization,induced mutation or genetic transformation.The desired oilseed B.juncea accessions have been extensively exploited in Rapeseed breeding.

Abstract:Common bean was introduced to China from the Americas in the fifteenth century and presently constitute an important food legume crop in many areas of China. This review presents several topics including the origin, domestication, dissemination and the genetic diversity research of common bean. At the same time, we make some suggestions for the production and research of common bean in the future.

Abstract:Gene discovery and allele mining are important in molecular evaluation of crop germplasm resources and are of great practical significance in crop breeding,especially in molecular breeding.Linkage disequilibrium(LD)-based association analysis is an effective approach to find new genes and favorable alleles.In this paper comprehensively basic theories,strategies,characteristics and current successful applications of association analysis in crops were reviewed.The trends and prospects of association analysis were also proposed.It is concluded that with the integration of traditional QTL mapping and functional genomics,association analysis will certainly accelerate the molecular evaluation of crop germplasm resources.

Abstract:Indigenous knowledge(IK) is a special type of knowledge.It has been demonstrated to play an important role in conservation of biodiversity,promotion of sustainable utilization of biology resources and harmony development of the society.IK has be paid much more and more attention by the society especially the scholars.This article will summarize the history,representative projects and organizations,influence of the projects completed,main auspice agencies and the prospects of IK researches in the world so that the current statues of IK researches and importance of IK researches will be better understood.

Abstract:近年来各单位育成了不少新基因资源，包括导入系、近等基因系，重组自交系、异源易住系，代模系等，这些材料大都携带有优良农艺性状基因，深受育种家与基因组研究者欢迎。为了充分利用这些基因资源，持在本刊开设新基因资源信息专栏。