Abstract:Hengduan mountains lie in southwest of China,which is famous by the extending from south to north.There widely distribute wild Dactylis glomerata germplasm resources,which belongs to subspecies glomerata,and subspecies himalayensis.The distribution range of two subspecies is nearly the same,but much difference existed in the morphological characters and phenological development in two subspecies.Through hybridization of subspecies himalayensis and subspecies glomerata in artificial condition,triploid offspring may be obtained.But no definite evidence has been found that hybrid triploid offspring was existed by crossbreeding of two subspecies in natural condition.In recent decade years,many basal studies about the two subspecies have been done in China,but a few were about the protection and utilization.Thinking about the origin,it can be sure that subspecies himalayensis belong to natural origin ecotype,but subspecies glomerata was likely to belong to naturalization species.Because of the competing threat from the subspecies glomerata,it is necessary to reinforce the protection and utilization studies about the subspecies himalayensis.

Abstract:The difference of aging tolerance and the heatstable proteins were among 10 kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)cultivars,though aging treatment of kenaf.The results indicated that,(1)Seed gemmation and vigor index of 10 kenaf varieties reduced with the extent time in the process of aging,while there were notable difference in 10 kenaf varieties;(2)The content of heatstable protein gradually increased with aging treatment deepening,SDS-PAGE eletrophoresis showed that a 62.8kD heatstable protein appeared only in liao 55 in 140h aging treatment，there were no differences in others.Liao 55 was the most antiaging variety during aging treatment in 10 kenaf varieties,these results suggested that the special heatstable proteins might be related to aging tolerance.

Abstract:Selecting stable resistant germplasm is an important foundation of breeding diseaseresiatance varieties.In this paper,the bacterial wilt(BW)resiatance performance of fortyeight tobacco germplasm were identified by inoculation method and field disease nursery method.Soil potted inoculation results showed that seven germplasm(CF207,Yanyan 97,TI448A,DB101,G80,RG17 and GTH-1)were of high resistance,and nine germplasm(MSK149,Oxford 2028,NC95,YN108,K346,K358,Enshu FC,Oxford 207 and RG11)were of resistance.Float seedling water inoculation results showed that Oxford207,Yanyan 97 were of high resistance,and Enshu FC were of resistance.Their F1 hybrids with Yunyan 85 and K326 were of resistance to medium susceptible.In field district test,four approved varieties(RG11,RG17,K358 and K346)showed medium resistance to BW and high output;TI448A showed resistance to BW and susceptible to black shank and hollow stalk;Oxford 2028 and Oxford 207 showed resistance or high resistance to BW and high output.G3 and Yanyan 97 showed high resistance,resistance respectively and low output.According to seedling period and two years field identification results,four germplasm(Oxford 207,Enshu FC,Yanyan 97 and TI448A)have great breeding potential as bacterial wilt resistance resource.

Abstract:Inheritance of oleic,linoleic acid content and O/L ratio in two crosses of high oleic acid Arachis hypogaea Lvar.hirsuta low O/L ratio var.vulgaris,were investigated by applying the major gene plus polygene model of quantitive traits analysis of F2 generation.The results showed that both oleic and linoleic acid content were controlled by one major gene with additivedominance effects.The estimated additive,dominant effects and heritability of the major gene for oleic acid were 8.6281,-2.0164 and 65.26% in cross I,and those in cross II were 10.6638,1.0652 and 71.39% respectively.For linoleic acid,corresponding values were 8.0327,1.2858 and 73.64% in cross I,and 9.0885,-1.0826 and 71.59% in cross II.The O/L ratio was controlled by two major genes with additivedominanceepistatic effects.The estimated additive effects of the two major gene were 0.6855,0.6814 in cross I,and 1.6842,0.8835 in cross II.The dominant effect of the two major gene were -0.6838,0.024 in cross I,and -1.6559,-0.5127 in cross IIThe interaction effect values of i,jab,jba and l were 0.6812,0.024,-0.6803 and -0.0244 in cross I respectively,while those were 0.8822,-0.5124,-0.8594,and 0.496 in cross II.Heritability values of the major genes was 82.57% in cross I and 88.64% in cross II.The results that,both oleic and linoleic acid content were controlled by one major gene while O/L ratios were controlled by two major genes indicated that two different major genes controll oleic and linoleic acid content respectively.

Abstract:Brown rice zinc content and it’s variation in 264 plant lines in BRILs（Towada/Lijing2/ Towada BC4F5）were determined by ICPAES technique.Correlations between brown rice znic content with sixteen elements(K,P,S,Mg,Ca,Mo,Ni,Fe,Cr,Na,Al,Cu,Sn,B,Mn and Sr)content,nine agronomic traits (seed setting rate,full grains,blighted grains,panicle length,effective tillering,anther length,anther width,uppermost internode length,and reciprocal secondary leaf length ),MDA content and three enzyme activity (POD,SOD and CAT)were analysed.The aim of that were to open out association between zinc in brown rice with other mineral element,yield and cold tolerane et al traits of rice.The results showed that brown rice zinc content distribution in BRILs were normal and some lines had more zinc content than parents.Brown rice zinc content significant correlated with eight elements（K,S,P,Mg,Ca,Fe,B,Mn）content at 001 level and significantly partial correlated with five elements（S，Mg，Ni，Cr，Al）content at 005 levelBrown rice zinc content were deemed primary to correlate negatively with yield and cold tolerane of rice.Correlation between brown rice zinc content with menzyme activity were not significant.

Abstract:Seven oneyearold white poplar hybrid clones were selected as the experimental materials and the cold resistance characters had been comprehensively assessed according to the analysis of the water parameters (Ψ0π,Ψ１００π,RWC0,ROWC0 and εmax)by P-V technology before leaf abscission in autumn and the dynamic changes of relative conductivity,potassium leakage rate,SOD and POD activities in winter.The results showed that there was a certain changing pattern existed in the physiological indexes of the clones.Relative conductivity and potassium leakage rate had decreased to the minimum in December,then gradually increased and the largest variation in clones was in February.The activities of SOD and POD had significant difference in different periods among clones.Therefore,the cold resistances gradually increased from the beginning of defoliation and achieved its maximum in December and January of the next year and then decreased rapidly in February.The difference of cold resistances among the clones was the maximum in February.The data revealed that the most of water parameters and the cold resistances index had different correlation degree in different periods of winter.The correlation was most evident in spring,in which the Ψ0π was a most significantlyed index while Ψ100π was not .

Abstract:In vitro shoot-tips of banana(Musa spp.)were successfully cryopreserved by droplet vitrification method.The factors affecting the post-thaw regeneration of shoot-tips were analyzed.The results showed that the droplet vitrification method was more suitable for cryopreservation of banana in vitro shoot-tips than vitrification method.The optimal procedures were as follows:Shoot-tips with 1 or 2 leaf primordia excised from rooted in vitro plantlets which were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 60g/L sucrose for 1～2 months.30min loading time could be prolonged up to 4h at room temperature,and the optimal treatment time of PVS2 was 40～50min at 0℃.The average post-thaw regeneration rate was 46.9% of 14 accessions belonging to six different genomic groups of Musa spp.after cryopreservation by droplet vitrification method.There was no variation in the regenerated plantlets on SSR molecular level

Abstract:Changes of relative water content（RWC),osmotic adjustment capacity（OA),proline content and soluble sugar content in leaves of five important maize inbred lines（i.e.Huangzaosi,Ye 478,Zheng 58,Han 21,and Qi 319）under drought stress were investigated.The results showed that RWC decreased,OA and soluble sugar content firstly increased and then decreased,and proline content increased gradually under drought stress.Moreover,the traits changed differently among these inbreds,indicating that different germplasm responded to drought stress differently.For instance,they had different OA capacity under drought.During the first seven days,OA increased gradually,with the order of Qi 319,Zheng 58,Ye 478,Han 21 and HuangzaosiHowever,OA decreased afterwards in all of the inbred lines except Han 21Soluble sugars and proline were the major osmolytes in Han 21 and Qi 319,while proline was the major osmolyte in Huangzaosi

Abstract:The achievements and prospect of alfalfa breeding in China were related in this paper.23 cultivars were bred,15 cultivars were introduced into china from abroad,3 wild strains were planted,and 19 local varieties were registered.The bred strains had the characteristic with cold,disease,salt and grazing,high-yielding,early maturing,etc.Mostly conventional breeding techniques at alfalfa breeding were adopted at home.Biotechnology application was relatively scarce.The mostly problems were a little breeding cultivars,slow process of fastness breeding,less raw materials,singleness and lag technology at alfalfa breeding.The paper put forward the effective approaches that narrowed alfalfa breeding process,and reduced disparities among home and abroad by improving alfalfa breeding methods,breeding special cultivars,intensifying the alfalfa germplasm resources protection and using.

Abstract:Importance and conservation status of vegetative vegetable germplasm resources were reviewed in this paper.Brief methods of in vitro conservation were given.The paper mainly focused on the status and advance of in vitro conservation of vegetative vegetable germplasm in china.Some emergent questions and prospect of in vitro conservation were presented and discussed.

Abstract:The genetic diversity of 76 waxy barley landraces from different region of China was assessed by SSR markers，and cluster analysis was done based on genetic similarity coefficient.A total of 203 alleles were detected from the 76 waxy barley landraces by using 50 SSR primer pairs，which showed that they were in the highest polymorphism range.When genetic similarity value was 0.70,76 waxy barley landraces were clustered into five groups，which reflected geographical distribution property of the materials and their relationship with hulled and naked relation among all accessions to some extent.The average Shannon′s information index (I)showed that genetic diversity of waxy barley landraces from Yunnan and Tibet were a little higher.The research work also showed that there was rich genetic diversity among the waxy barley landraces in China，which would be of great importance for studying the origin and distributing of the waxy barleys in China and for efficiently using of these germplasm resources.

Abstract:Mutant is an important material for investigating gene function of plant and developing new crop variety with good quality and high yield.In the study,three double-dwarf lines 08-4，08-12 and 08-19，with dwarfism stably inherited，were selected from the F6 progeny of 02428ha/02428.Plant height of three lines were 62.4±3.3cm,66.0±1.5cm and 67.5±1.7cm.Genetic analysis showed that the dwarfisms were controlled by 2 recessive genes,one gene was allelic to sd1,while the other one was a novel recessive semidwarf gene sd-h(t),which was not allelic to sd1.These results provided a basis for mapping and molecular cloning and functional analysis of sd-h(t)．

Abstract:One hundred and fifty-one rice hybrids produced in two sets of halfdialell mating crosses designed according to NCⅡ，planting respectively in Chongqing and Luzhou,Sichuan Province of China in 2005 were used to predict the F1 performances of seven yield traits through genetic effects of marker loci of AFLP and SSR.Positive loci (PL)and effect.increasing loci (IL)were screened respectively by yield traits of two sets of crosses and their additive or/and dominant effects were used to founded the prediction model for these yield traits.Predictions of yield traits of crosses derived from different parents (prediction between sets)and fixed parents were conducted by the model founded.The results were as follows:(1)Most predictions between sets were not ideal and changeable.The correlations between predictive values and actual ones ranged from -0.55 to 0.45.(2)The prediction effects of crosses with by PL were similar to those by IL in Set 2,and all better than that of between sets.Predictions of crosses with fixed restorers were more valuable than those of crosses with fixed sterile lines.(3)Most predictions of crosses with fixed parents were relatively better.The predictions by IL of seed setting rate of crosses with fixed sterile lines,panicle number of those of fixed restorers,and those by PL of spikelets per panicle and grain weight per panicle of crosses with fixed restorers were above 0.6.Because the number of PL and IL in prediction model were much less,the prediction models was conveniently applied and particularly,and it was important for the institute by which the models were founded in parentselection in breeding.

Abstract:Random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）and inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR）molecular markers were used to detect the genetic diversity among 38 bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)．The results showed that 93 and 81 bands were obtained by RAPD and ISSR markers amplified through 10 selected primers respectively．The PPB（percentage of polymorphic bands）in ISSR detection（61.29%）was higher than that in RAPD（50.54%）．The similarity coefficient ranging from 0.287 to 1 and from 0.221 to 1 respectively，and the ISSR（mean value of GS was 0.672）was more efficient than RAPD（mean value of GS was 0.694）.The germplasms were divided into three main cluster groups and six inferior groups by RAPD，which was similarly with the phenotype classification of bitter gourd protuberance，and it also could be divided into three main cluster groups and seven inferior groups by ISSR，which was consistent with the color classification of bitter gourd．The significant correlation between RAPD and ISSR markers was observed（r=0.550）．Combining with two methods would more suitable for the analysis of genetic diversity，and the result was related to the phenotype classification and geographical distribution．

Abstract:Rs-AFP2 is an antifungal peptide from radish（Raphanus sativus）.In this study，the full cDNA sequence of Rs-AFP2 gene was synthesized，and was sub-cloned in-frame to the 3′-terminus of the ORF of Glutathione S-transferase（GST)in the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-1.This allowed the recombinant protein GST-Rs-AFP2 to be highly expressed in cells of Escherichia coli.The recombinant protein GST-Rs-AFP2 could be expressed in the form of inclusion bodies after induction by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside.Then,the GST-Rs-AFP2 protein was solubilized,denatured,refolded,and purified.The results of antifungal assay in vitro showed that the Rs-AFP2 protein exerted obvious inhibition against the growth of phytopathogenic fungi,such as Rhizoctonia solani,R.cerealis,Bipolaris sorokiniana,VerticilliuIll dahliae, and Fusarium graminearum.Therefore,Rs-AFP2 gene may be useful for improving the crop resistance against the above pathogenic fungi.

Abstract:Fertile progenies of somatic hybrids between double low rapeseed and Descurainia sophia were selfed in three consecutive generations,resulting in F2,F3 and F4 populations.By individual selection and quality identification ,nine elite plants with oil content more than 45%,erucic acid content less than 0.5%,glucosinolate content less than 30 μmol/g were obtained from 247 F3 individuals,two of which were yellowseeded.All of these plants remained the high oil and double-low properties in F4 population.15 new elite individuals with high oil content and double low contents were obtained from 905 F4 plants,and five of which were yellowseeded.It was concluded that through somatic hybridization and progeny selection,new germplasm with desired traits including yellowseeded,high oil percentage,doublelow quality,could be obtained.

Abstract:The inositol contents of 86 pumpkin germplasms were analyzed with the HPLC technique.18 pumpkin germplasms with high inositol contents and good agricultural characters were obtained.The contents of inositol in the fruits of ‘Tianbuding’ was 16.44mg/g,which was 500% higher than average cultivars,and also the contents of inositol in ‘Xiaoqieke’,‘Mitangguan’,‘shuangtao’were 14.5mg/g,12.4mg/g and 11.9mg/g,respectively.They were 300% higher than average cultivars.They could be used as breeding materials to produce commercial inositol-enriched type of pumpkin variety in future.

Abstract:The 23 morphological characteristics from 30 accessions of 6 Lilium species and 3 varieties native to Northeast China were studied in this paper.The results showed that there were obvious differences in numerical characteristics among these wild lilies and the variation coefficient of style length and leaf width were highest with 59.49％and 54.03％ respectively.Based on the morphological data,30 wild lilies were clustered into two groups.The first group included L.lancifolium,and L.dauricum with thick stem and large flower.The second group included L.concolor var.buschianum,L.concolor var.megalanthum,L.pumilum,L.cernuum,L.leichtlinii var.maximowiczii,L.distichum and L.amabile with the smaller flower.In principal component analysis,the first four principal components represented 82.51% of the morphological differentiation.These characteristics consisted of leaf length and width,outer petal width,inner petal length and width,flora bud length,style length and anther length.

Abstract:47 DUS testing traits were used to investigate the phenotypic diversity of 15 common maize inbred lines and 13 elite waxy maize inbred lines.The results indicated that the common maize inbred lines were more diverse than the waxy type at the phenotypic level; the Shannon-Weaver diversity index between 47 traits varied widely .Clustering analysis showed waxy inbred lines clustered together tightly,and they had great phenotypic difference with common maize inbred lines.DUS testing traits can be used in the phenotypic diversity assessment of maize inbred lines just because of broader information included and less affected by environments

Abstract:During last decades,wheat sharp eyespot has become more severe in the middle and low Yangtze River and Huanghuai winter wheat region due to the change of the cultivation methods and climate.To obtain some germplasms with resistance to sharp eyespot used in wheat production and breeding,80 materials from China and other countries were evaluated for the resistance to sharp eye spot in field and greenhouse.The results indicated that there were significant differences among selected materials,and the resistant sources were efficient.Fourteen materials with resistance to sharp eyespot both in field and greenhouse,were screened,i.e.,CI 12633,Limai 16,ARz,Cooker 983,FHB 143,Italy-2,GUADALYPE,Ovontun,Baihuomai,Jingzhouheimai,Shanhongmai,Shannong 12,Xiaoyan 22,and Ziganzi.These materials were used in breeding of resistance to sharp eyespot such as resistance parents.

Abstract:Analysis of soybean germplasm agronomic traits in Shanxi province and Guizhou province was conducted,and the object was to reveal relationship of two provinces and to provide theory basis of germplasm reproduce.The results showed that diversity of Guizhou germplasm was lower than that of Shanxi province.Germplasm could maturity naturally planted in resemble region which would meet require of germplasm reproduce.Large different of three quantitativetraits value were found between new investigated and trait from catalog,and reference value was not ensured which need further studied.

Abstract:Rice bacterial leaf streak(BLS)caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases，It is very important for us to explore and utilize novel resistance resources，map and clone resistant genes and elucidate the interaction mechanism between the pathogen and rice.In this review the recent research advances on resistant resources screening，inheritance analysis，mapping and cloning of resistant genes and breeding of rice with resistance to BLS were mainly summarized .Moreover,the suggestion for accelerating the breeding of rice with resistance to BLS was made.